The relevance of the research is associated with the fact that information technologies, social services of the Internet and the very cyberspace are changing rapidly adding into the human life new facets of existence and interaction, new opportunities to act, manifestations of mental processes and personality features, one of them being information competency. These changes affect the way the understanding of such phenomena as Internet activity and Internet addiction throughout the development of one's information competency is shaped. With regard to this, the paper is aimed at finding out the signs of Internet activity and its transition into Internet addiction in the development of an individual's information competency. The leading methods for researching this problem are extrapolation and modeling that allow considering the approaches to understanding the "Internet activity" and "Internet addiction" phenomena in pedagogical and psychological literature in their entirety and in comparison, analyzing the Internet risks, and describing the mechanisms of transformation of Internet activity into Internet addiction during the development of an individual's information competency. In the paper, the following phenomena are defined: the "Internet activity" as a part of daily culture of a person belonging to digital society and the "Internet addiction" as acquired behavior based on the intensity of the wish to stay in the Internet continuously and affecting the development of an individual's information competency in the context of changing its role both in the real and virtual life. In the paper, it is emphasized that a certain development level of an individual's information competency is manifested in the individual's Internet activity while excessive Internet activity practiced by the individual triggers the mechanisms of its transformation into Internet addiction. The materials of the paper are of practical importance for master's degree students, postgraduate students, teachers of higher education institutions and teachers of educational institutions conducting research in this area that set objectives associated with looking for pedagogical means for individuals to practice their Internet activity without running into Internet addiction.

The paper proposes simulation findings for an autopilot IC-2005 on a signal simulator developed by the authors of an intelligent control system to steer a sea vessel. The principle of the intelligent control system operation consists of generating a data vector with values of the yaw angle of the vessel, the rate of the angle change, the rudder displacement values and the rate of angling the rudder blade change during the ship heading. The features of the seaway provided by current wind and wave conditions are defined through spectral analysis. Then the intelligent classifier of the control system selects the optimal pre-trained neural network model of the seaway from a series of them. The fuzzy logic controller settings are computed after that. 120 search patterns for six types of vessels in various navigation conditions were developed using the simulator as a result of modeling. 79 neural networks were trained, and 2518 neural network way models of them were obtained for a representative sample of search patterns. The top settings of neural networks to develop search pattern models of the seaways were identified in response to statistical manipulation. As exemplified by a trawler ship type, computer and simulation methods were carried out that proved the efficiency of the approach proposed to apply to an intelligent sea craft automatic heading control system Keywords-marine autopilot, fuzzy controller, neural network7th

В статье рассматриваются основополагающие исследования явления одаренности в рамках психологической дисциплины отечественных и зарубежных специалистов; демонстрируется не только многообразие ключевых понятий одаренности, но и современные способы ее диагностики; анализируются основные проблемные аспекты соотношения творчества с неврозом (на примере исследований Ч. Ломброзо, Л. Кронбах, Г. Домино и др.), проблема наследственности и среды в развитии одаренности (анализ биологического и средового подходов), а также специфика развития одаренности в младшем и школьном возрасте (проблема неравномерности развития одаренности, «снижения» творческой активности с возрастом, особенности взаимодействия одаренного ученика со средой). Авторами статьи реформируется ряд критических мыслей по отношению к современной гуманитарной парадигме и ее пониманию природы одаренности; обосновываются условность главенствующего в педагогике средового подхода и обусловленные этим подходом ошибки педагогов и психологов в диагностировании одаренности у учеников; высказывается утверждение о несостоятельности психодиагностического материала выявления интеллектуальных и творческих способностей, а сам творческий процесс (по аналогии с классическим определением Л. С. Выготского) рассматривается как процесс создания «объективно нового» материала (т. е. процесс создания того, чего не было до решения творческой задачи в природе). Основная мысль статьи заключается в следующем проблемном утверждении: биологическое понимание способностей человека, в рамках которого одаренность определяется как индивидуальное внутреннее свойство мозга человека, с одной стороны, не противоречит основным задачам современной педагогики, с другой -требует серьезного комплексного подхода к выявлению одаренности, изначально исключающего все современные психологические способы диагностики.Ключевые слова: одаренность; творчество; интуиция и инсайт; интеллект; креативность.The article is concerned with the study of phenomenon of giftedness within the frame of psychology discipline of native and foreign specialists. This theoretical research presents the diversity of key notions of giftedness together with the modern methods of its diagnosis. This article also deals with the most substantial problem aspects of correlation between creative work and neurosis, inheritance and environment in the giftedness development and its specific characters in junior and school age. The article also discusses the main problematic aspects of the relation of creativity with neurosis (for example, studies of C. Lombroso, L. Cronbach, G. Domino et al.), The problem of heredity and environment in the development of giftedness (analysis of biological and environmental approaches), and the specificity of giftedness and junior school age (the problem of uneven development of giftedness, "reduction" of creative activity with age, particularly gifted student interaction with the environment). Due to the theoretical analysis of all these aspects, the authors have expressed a number of critical thinking in relat...

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