In the recent years the significant increase in number of convicts with addictive behavior is observed in correctional establishments of the Russian Federation. Addictive behavior is often caused by anomalies of the identity of convicts and is expressed in escape from reality by change of their mental state by means of use of narcotic and psychotropic substances, alcohol, game addiction, sexual addictions that is followed by intensive emotions development. Nowadays the modern society requires that correctional establishments of the penal system of Russia should become social clinics which are carrying out psychosocial rehabilitation of convicts with addictive behavior. The purpose of this research is studying psychological features of convicts with addictive behavior. The methods and techniques of the research are observation, conversation, analysis of personal records, expert poll, psycho-diagnostic testing (the test of addictive indicators of MGAA, K. Leonhard – H. Shmishek's test, L.N. Sobchik's technique "The individual and typological questionnaire", the LSI test of Kellerman-Plutchik-Konte), methods of mathematical statistics. It is defined that convicts with addictive behavior are conflictive, quick-tempered, insincere, show high levels on the scale of addictive indicators, have high indicators of exaltation, demonstrativeness and excitability. They have dominating conflict emotional states which are followed by high introversion and psychological protection as denial, rationalization, cognitive mapping. Such personal profile of convicts with addictive behavior testifies to the aggressive manner of self-affirmation contrary to the interests of people around, the increased suspiciousness and vigilance in the relations, high proneness to conflict. We consider that psychological features of convicts with addictive behavior are the indicator of success of their psychosocial rehabilitation.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. The data of modern statistics indicate a steady increase in the number of corruption crimes in the Russian Federation, which in turn determines the need for the formation of anti-corruption orientation among cadets of law enforcement agencies, including cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. We believe that the anti-corruption orientation is an integrative personal education of cadets, including motives, values, needs, value orientations, psychological attitudes, ensuring compliance with the norms of anti-corruption legislation in the learning process through the development of motivational-value, cognitive-cognitive, spiritual-moral and emotional-volitional components. One of the ways to solve the problems of forming an anti-corruption orientation is to create author's psychological and pedagogical programs and implement them within the framework of a formative experiment. The psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation was carried out by us in three stages: ascertaining, forming and control. At the ascertaining stage of the experiment, observation, testing, conversation, as well as a package of psychodiagnostic techniques aimed at studying the level of formation of structural components of the anti-corruption orientation were used. The task of the ascertaining stage was to study the level of formation of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. According to the results of the empirical study, the cadets were divided into three groups, depending on the level of formation of anti-corruption orientation (high, medium, low). At the formative stage of the experiment, the author's psychological and pedagogical program was implemented, which was introduced into the educational process of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia. At the control stage, the effectiveness of the author's psychological and pedagogical program for the formation of anti-corruption orientation was evaluated and a comparative analysis of the results obtained in the control and experimental groups was carried out.Materials and Methods. The following methods were used to conduct a psychodiagnostic examination: "16-factor personality questionnaire (R.B. Kettell)", "Diagnostics of the real structure of personality value orientations (S.S. Bubnov)", "Diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of personality in the motivational and need sphere (O.F. Potemkina)", "Locus of control questionnaire (E.G. Ksenofontova)", "Personality questionnaire of moral and legal reliability (E.Y. Strizhov)", "Scale personal strategies for overcoming life difficulties (S. Hobfall)".Results. In order to test the effectiveness of the author's program for the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, we conducted a repeated psychodiagnostic of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation using the previously used package of psychodiagnostic techniques. It is established that the cadets after the formative stage of the experiment have positive personal changes, which confirm the formation of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation. The authors diagnosed an increase in the level of self-control of emotions and behavior, confidence, the establishment of interpersonal contacts, the development of constructiveness in building relationships with others, the ability to adequately build their behavior depending on the conditions of the surrounding reality, the formation of a clear hierarchy of motives, a moderate desire to defend their views and principles, the desire to achieve goals and perseverance. The analysis of the obtained data shows that the author's psychological and pedagogical program has a positive impact on the development of the cadets ' personality: there is a development of responsibility for their own behavior; the formation of resistance to situations of a provocative nature, the development of moral and legal reliability of cadets. During the comparative analysis of the control and experimental groups, an increase in the level of indicators of the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets was observed, which confirms the effectiveness of the psychological and pedagogical program used.Discussion and Conclusions. Our psychological and pedagogical experiment on the formation of anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, including the ascertaining, forming, control stages, has shown its effectiveness. Positive dynamics of anti-corruption orientation was diagnosed. It is established that in the process of implementing the psychological and pedagogical program, the structural components of the anti-corruption orientation of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are formed.

В статье рассмотрены психологические основы пребывания несовершеннолетних в условиях следственного изолятора и специфика их личностных изменений. Проанализированы данные отечественных и зарубежных авторов по исследованию личности несовершеннолетних подозреваемых, обвиняемых и осужденных. Обоснована актуальность проблемы, связанная с важностью своевременного изучения личностных особенностей несовершеннолетних, находящихся в условиях следственного изолятора. С целью изучения личностных особенностей несовершеннолетних описаны результаты исследования уголовно-правовых, социально-демографических, медицинских, индивидуально-психологических особенностей подозреваемых, обвиняемых и осужденных, содержащихся в условиях следственного изолятора. Анализ уголовно-правовых особенностей позволил установить, что большинство несовершеннолетних, находящихся в условиях следственного изолятора, совершили преступления против жизни и здоровья, половой неприкосновенности и половой свободы личности. Изучение социально-демографических особенностей несовершеннолетних подозреваемых, обвиняемых и осужденных показало, что их воспитание осуществлялось преимущественно в условиях неполной семьи. Исследование медицинских особенностей позволило установить, что 22 % подростков состоят на учете психиатра или нарколога, большинство несовершеннолетних до попадания в места лишения свободы употребляли наркотики, злоупотребляли спиртными напитками и курили. Диагностика индивидуально-психологических особенностей выявила, что большинству несовершеннолетних присуще демонстративное поведение, бесцеремонность, эгоцентризм, пренебрежение моральными и этическими ценностями, агрессивные реакции, эмоциональная незрелость, конфликтность, высокое самомнение, отсутствие чувства вины, принятие криминальной субкультуры и поддержание ряда традиций, периодическое нарушение режима содержания. Полученные результаты имеют практическое значение для психологических служб уголовно-исполнительной системы РФ и могут быть использованы для повышения эффективности психологического сопровождения несовершеннолетних, находящихся в условиях следственного изолятора. The article deals with the psychological basis of minors ' stay in a pre-trial detention facility and the specifics of their personal changes. The data of domestic and foreign authors on the study of the identity of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons are analyzed. The article substantiates the relevance of the problem related to the importance of timely study of the personal characteristics of minors in pre-trial detention. In order to study the personal characteristics of minors, the results of the study of criminal law, socio-demographic, medical, and individual psychological characteristics are described. features of suspects, accused and convicted persons held in a pre-trial detention facility. The analysis of criminal-legal features allowed to establish that the majority of minors who are in conditions of pre-trial detention, committed crimes against life and health, sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the person. The study of socio-demographic characteristics of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons showed that their upbringing was carried out mainly in conditions of incomplete family. The study of medical features allowed us to establish that 22 % of teenagers are registered as a psychiatrist or a narcologist, most of the minors used drugs, abused alcohol and smoked before they were sent to prison. Diagnostics of individual psychological characteristics revealed that the majority of minors are characterized by demonstrative behavior, arrogance, egocentrism, disregard for moral and ethical values, aggressive reactions, emotional immaturity, conflict, high self-esteem, lack of guilt, acceptance of criminal subculture and maintenance of a number of traditions, periodic violation of the detention regime. The results obtained are of practical importance for the psychological services of the criminal Executive system of the Russian Federation and can be used to improve the effectiveness of psychological support for minors in pre-trial detention.

Today in Russia proportion of TB-infected male convicts serving sentences in prisons has significantly increased. According to the data of domestic and foreign scientists (R. May, V. Frankl, A. Adler, D.A. Leontiev, A.I. Ushatikov, V.G. Deev, D.V. Sochivko, etc.), the formation of meaning of life orientations has a positive impact on the psychological state of an individual and positively correlates with the effectiveness of the treatment. In 2018, in order to study the personal characteristics of TBinfected male convicts and to determine the level of formation of their meaning of life orientations, the pilot study in the medical and correctional institution of the Russian Federation was conducted. Special attention was paid to identifying the personal (criminal, socio-demographic, medical, individual psychological) characteristics of TB-infected male convicts. The research was carried out with the help of a set of psychodiagnostic methods and techniques: observation, conversation, praximetric method (analysis of personal files and medical records), testing, the test "Methods of studying character accentuations" (H. Smishek, K. Leongard), the test "Meaning of life orientations". (D.A. Leontiem), Lusher's test, methods of mathematical statistics (correlation analysis). It was found that TB-infected male convicts are characterized by negative mental states, character accentuation, low level of formation of meaning of life orientations.