Abstract. Urbanization as a socio-economic process manifested in the concentration of the population in modern big cities contributes to the development of high-rise building construction. With the development of education and culture, changing leisure habits, city residents put forward new architectural and functional requirements to the living environment and urban infrastructure. This calls for the creation of new types and forms of residential buildings, the structure of the city and transport networks. In addition, the need to develop high-rise building construction is justified by the growing demand for residential, public and administrative buildings and the lack of free space.The paper analyzes the development of high-rise building construction in urban areas. The problem of the impact of highrise building construction in big cities on the living environment is considered. Using analytical methods, causes and sources of pollution, such as transport and engineering infrastructure have been identified. In some urban areas, there are zones with modified thermal conditions and air exchange resulting in the formation of the "urban heat island"The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of variations in temperature and wind speed with respect to the height of the building have been calculated, using the example of the Evolution Tower of the Moscow International Business Center ("Moscow City"). Calculation and comparative analysis for the cities of Moscow, Khanty-Mansiysk and Vladivostok has made it possible to assess the variation in temperature and wind speed and their impact on the living environment under different climatic conditions.

Журнал входит в Перечень изданий, рекомендованных Высшей аттестационной комиссией (ВАК) Журнал включен в международную реферативную базу данных и систему цитирования Scopus Адрес редакции, учредителя, издателя: 362021, РСО-Алания, г. Владикавказ, ул. Николаева, 44, Северо-Кавказский горнометаллургический институт (государственный технологический университет), редакция журнала «Устойчивое развитие горных территорий».

Urbanization leads to dramatic changes in urban microclimate, and becomes a serious problem in terms of ensuring comfortable and healthy living of city dwellers. The main factors affecting the microclimate of urban environment are not only the geographical features of cities, but also the density of buildings, the environmental concerns, the thermal response of buildings, the influence of plants and water bodies. The problem of the urban microclimate optimization is multifaceted since various factors affect changes in the urban environment. Thus an integrated multilevel systematic approach to studying the problems of the formation of the urban microclimate is required. Integrating the accumulated knowledge and practices in the research domain with design work is important.

The problem of improving energy efficiency of modern urban buildings is becoming increasingly important. Urbanization, which con-tributes to the growth of megacities, causes an increase in the number of modern high-rise buildings and the development of urban infrastructure, resulting in increased energy consumption. When dealing with the energy efficiency of high-rise buildings, it is necessary to take into account such factors as the location, building orientation with respect to the cardinal di-rections, functional purposes, a three-dimensional and design solutions. Conservation of energy inside high-rise buildings, which contributes to minimum energy consumption in order to create and maintain a comforta-ble temperature, is one of the urgent tasks. This problem can be solved by thermal insulation of cladding and the use of effective heat-insulating ma-terials to reduce the negative impact of climatic factors on high-rise build-ings. Using the example of the Evolution Tower, we analyzed Moscow City high-rise buildings, made calculations and graphs of variation in the temperature and wind speed throughout the height of the building. An in-crease in wind speed and a decrease in temperature throughout the height of the building create extreme conditions that affect the heat loss of high-rise buildings, which must be taken into account in the heat protection of external enclosing structures.

Abstract. Environmental issues in cities are some of the causes of reduction in the average life expectancy of people, increase in the incidence and mortality of the population. According to scientists, health of the urban population is 20% dependent on the state of the natural environment. Urban residents are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and blood circulation problems. In the course of urban development, people have a significant negative impact on the biosphere, changing it and being a part of it, they experience the consequences of these changes on themselves. This situation is complicated by the lack of a unified approach among civil engineers, architects, hygienists and environmentalists in the matters of organizing a residential environment. The article focuses on identification and analysis of sources of pollution affecting the air basin of modern cities. A comparative analysis of the transport and construction industries and their role in urban pollution is carried out. Using the example of the city of Moscow, calculations have been made and the indicators of the wind speed variation along the height of the building have been determined, depending on the type of terrain. These data allow assessing the formation of air exchange in urban areas and can be used to solve the problems of improving the urban environment.