This research aims to substantiate the impact of using open innovation (OI) in the energy sector in readiness to implement artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their effectiveness. The empirical method was proposed to determine the readiness level of OI for the implementation of AI technologies by comparing Russian and French energy companies. Readiness level indicators of companies for AI implementation using the Fibonacci sequence, Student’s t-test, and the method of fuzzy sets were empirically determined. The integrated readiness indicator for AI implementation by companies was calculated using the method of fuzzy sets and expressed through variance, allowing for these significant factors. Russian companies are at a low level of developmental readiness to implement AI, which is in contrast to companies operating in a developed market where the determining factor is the AI technology cost. The example of the innovative business model “Energy-as-a-Service” shows the synergistic effects of OI use and AI technology introduction. This paper is novel because it seeks to contribute to the current debate in the literature, justifying the position that energy companies that have in the past actively applied the concept of open innovation in business, are the most competitive and most efficient in implementing AI technologies.

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The modern world lives in a digital transformation. Many researchers consider this period to be a new technological paradigm or a digital economy. The widespread digitalisation of production and management processes not only affects the processes of global globalization, but also contributes to the rapid growth of the economy, enhancing living standards. While the global economy identifies some common characteristics of the development of the digital economy, there is no consistent methodological approach. The Russian Federation in the world scores to evaluate the development of the digital economy, in general, is in the group of developing countries. Therefore, at the state level, the digital transformation is recognized as a strategic priority for Russia's developers. Since 2014, the development strategy of Russia has been the National Technology Initiative (NTI), a long-term program to create new markets and lay the groundwork for Russia's technological leadership by 2035. Its first steps served as a foundation for the adoption of the national project “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”. This study analyses the implementation of joint government and corporate efforts in this direction. It was revealed that the main NTI operators are both state institutions (state investment bank “Bank VEB”, “Innovation Promotion Fund”), and business partially government-owned communities – Agency for Strategic Initiatives (ASI), Russian Venture Company (RVC). Based on the analysis of NTI roadmaps and events, a model of institutions to support the digital economy in Russia has been built. The conclusion concerns the overall support of the State during the construction of an ecosystem of technological entrepreneurship. At the same time, there is a certain differentiation of the NTI infrastructure, tending towards large subjects of the Russian Federation with a high level of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) development - Moscow and St. Petersburg.

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