The problem of food security is global in the context of sanctions and conflicts. The study is devoted to the assessment of the level of food security of the Russian Federation. The paper assesses the current level of food security in Russia based on the analysis of trends in the development of the agro-industrial complex, and also identifies threats and challenges to Russia’s food security at the present stage. The research is based on statistical data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, as well as analysis methods including computational and constructive, monographic, economic and statistical, comparative and system analysis, synthesis, etc. The article suggests measures to strengthen Russia’s food security, taking into account the unpredictable development of the Russian economy. The results of the work make it possible to conclude that, despite the problems, the Russian agro-industrial complex successfully provides food to the population of the country and continues to gain momentum in the export of products. Russian scientists clarify the concept of innovation, the latest threats, problems of food security in individual countries and regions. The situation is aggravated by such factors as the imposition of sanctions on persons related to agricultural assets, the impact of sanctions on transportation and finance, and other restrictions, bikies. The Ukrainian crisis and Western restrictions against Russia are damaging food stability at both regional and country-wide, global levels.

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Small and medium-sized businesses have great potential, which is revealed in the conditions of a developing economy. The article examines the formation of medium-sized businesses in the Southern region, as well as the prospects for its development in the current economic environment. The article considers the branch structure of entrepreneurship. The problems of the peculiarities of the formation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the achievement of competitiveness in the market are along with the actual scientific research of the modern development of Russian regions. Regional entrepreneurship is an important component of any region. Regional entrepreneurship is influenced by various factors and spatial conditions. The analysis of the current state and future development of business in the southern region is carried out. Attention is paid to the regulatory framework, lending, property and other issues of small and medium-sized businesses in the southern region. The share of SMEs in the country's gross domestic product has declined due to the crisis and measures to combat the pandemic. High investment risks and a low level of trust limit the opportunities for business development. The ways of improving the working conditions of entrepreneurs, the legislative framework and other related factors are proposed.

The article is devoted to the description and analysis of pedagogical experience of professional competence formation in training and assessment of students in the point-rating system. The interdisciplinary nature of geographical education implies the need to develop special ways of thinking among students and to attract knowledge and skills from different subject areas. In such a situation, it is necessary to maximize the arrangement of the training process from the initial stage of learning to the stage of summative assessment. The work contains proposals to supplement the evaluation tools of expertise, knowledge and skills with innovative methods to better understand the success of students educational activities. A system of measures used by the teacher during the semester for formative and summative assessments to evaluate the level of competence development in students is described. Emphasis is placed on the possibility of using distance learning technologies in the point-rating system. A conclusion is made on the effectiveness of the score-rating assessment of the competence development level in geographical education and predictive capabilities of this method of control, particularly in Master's and postgraduate studies. The concept of the score-rating system proposed in the article was tested by the author while teaching a number of geographical subjects at Ural State Pedagogical University. This methodology has proven to be an effective method of increasing the organization and motivation of students.