В статье рассматриваются регулирование занятости и трудоустройства в условиях пандемии COVID-19. Автор в статье рассматривает вопросы, касающиеся государственной политики в сфере труда и занятости населения в Российской Федерации. Занятость населения в Российской Федерации регулируется Законом РФ от 19 апреля 1991 г. № 1032-1 «О занятости населения в Российской Федерации», который претерпел существенные изменения. Автор отмечает приоритетную роль государства на рынке труда, так как оно ведёт политику планомерного снижения уровня безработицы, необходимость реализации эффективной политики занятости населения, с учётом сложившейся ситуации на рынке труда в 2020 году вследствие пандемии. В статье отмечается необходимость дальнейшего совершенствования законодательства в области занятости, исследования и решения имеющихся проблем в данной сфере. Автор указывает на тот факт, что законодательство должно сохранять оптимальный баланс в системе прав, законных интересов и обязанностей безработных граждан РФ. Поэтому соблюдение законодательства в данной области должно жестко контролироваться государством.
Background: Climate change research has established a clear requirement for policy and policymaking: (1) transformational changes in policy and policymaking to foster (2) ‘climate justice’, including a ‘just transition’ (a movement towards environmental sustainability with equitable processes and outcomes). However, there is a major gap between these requirements and actual policies and policy processes. We identify how researchers use policy theories to understand this gap. Methods: We conducted a qualitative systematic review (2022) to identify peer reviewed journal articles on climate change, policy, justice, and equity in three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Proquest). Each article had to provide a non-trivial reference to policymaking. We used an immersive and inductive approach to identify key themes and show how the use of policy theories informs climate change research. Results: A total of 108 texts meet the inclusion criteria (with some bias towards Global North research since all texts are in English). Most provide general definitions of climate justice, require fair outcomes and processes, and list what is required to meet those aims. However, they also identify unjust processes and outcomes in relation to who is recognised, gets to define the problem, and wins or loses from solutions. Researchers contrast their preferred social justice approach (informing ‘civic environmentalism) to a dominant neoliberal approach (corresponding to weak ‘ecological modernization’). Conclusions: Researchers focus on what they need from policy and policymaking to produce climate justice. Few engage meaningfully with policy theories to describe how policymaking actually works. More engagement would help to set meaningful expectations regarding policy change and avoid a needless tendency to treat policymaking like a ‘black box’.
Many lawyers underestimate prejudice, but its importance is enormous. The term "prejudice" has Latin roots (from Latin ‘praejudicialis’), which means "referring to a previous judicial decision". The term "prejudice" is not explicitly named in civil procedural legislation or arbitration proceedings, but it does occur in criminal proceedings.
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