In the cases of majority of neurological diseases the symptoms of depression have significant influence on the worsening of the quality of patient’s life, regardless of the severity of the neurological disorders. In the most of neurodegenerative diseases the symptoms of depression often precede the appearance of neurological symptoms. Within recent years, numerous studies have been published demonstrating that disorders of depressive spectrum can be considered as a predictor of some types of dementia. Existing data regarding the methods of therapeutic intervention for depression in the clinical practice are rather scarce, scattered and often based on the «personal experience» of neurologists and psychiatrists. In some patients the diagnostics of depression in the context of neurological disorders can be difficult due to the difficulties in the establishing the contact with the patient as well as cognitive deviations related to neurological disorders. In order to facilitate this task, the effective screening diagnostic methods have been developed for the diagnosis of depression in the context of neurological diseases. The results of clinical studies performed within recent years confirm the important role of the neurologist for the evaluation and the treatment of the symptoms of depression, both at the initial stage and at the stage of remission. The purpose of the current review is to systematize the accumulated data on the disorders of depressive spectrum in the context of neurological practice, as well as to demonstrate the role of neurologist in the process of diagnosis and treatment of the symptoms of depression in neurological diseases.

The article is devoted to the one of acute problems of society, that is smartphone addiction, because in recent decades, «smart» devices become ingrained in our everyday lives of almost every person. The sphere of interest of many scientific studies is the study of «high-tech» addictions. One of the particular forms of this type of addictive disorder is smartphone addiction. Currently, there is an expansive increase in the prevalence of smartphones on various hardware and software platforms. The authors of the article wonder whether smartphone addiction can be a form of behavioral addiction or we may consider it a part of the «problematic» use by healthy people? To solve this problem, this review examines the correlation relationships between substantive and behavioral addictions based on existing criteria for diagnosing addictive disorders, and also outlines the socio-cultural boundaries of smartphones use.

In recent decades, sleep deprivation has evolved from a single experimental data set to the status of an effective and affordable therapeutic intervention used in daily clinical practice. The mechanism of action of this method is aimed at the same neurotransmitter systems and brain regions as antidepressants. As in the case of pharmacotherapy for sleep deprivation, it should be used under close supervision of a physician. Clinical effects with sleep deprivation are achieved much faster than with psychopharmacotherapy, but they are not long-term in nature. It is possible to improve the results using a combination of pharmacotherapy and sleep deprivation. The use of sleep deprivation in clinical conditions is aimed primarily at preventing depression and its recurrence, as well as in cases resistant to pharmacotherapy. In modern conditions, the method of sleep deprivation is a significant alternative to traditional approaches to therapy of depression.