Protein micropatterning has become an important tool for many biomedical applications as well as in academic research. Current techniques that allow to reduce the feature size of patterns below 1 μm are, however, often costly and require sophisticated equipment. We present here a straightforward and convenient method to generate highly condensed nanopatterns of proteins without the need for clean room facilities or expensive equipment. Our approach is based on nanocontact printing and allows for the fabrication of protein patterns with feature sizes of 80 nm and periodicities down to 140 nm. This was made possible by the use of the material X-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (X-PDMS) in a two-layer stamp layout for protein printing. In a proof of principle, different proteins at various scales were printed and the pattern quality was evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.
We present a perspective of the industrial realization of plasmonic devices especially for life science and in vitro diagnostic applications. The main focus is on the manufacturing technologies Nanoimprint Lithography and injection molding as scalable processes for high volume manufacturing. Both technologies have their individual strengths and technical restrictions, which are discussed along different examples for plasmonic applications especially for biosensor applications.
Both surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy and microfluidics are increasing their presence in industry. The integration of SERS into microfluidic chips is relevant for label‐free biosensing and can expand the function of microfluidics to provide an efficient platform for on‐site biochemical analysis equipped with the powerful sensing capability of SERS. Herein, the design and industry manufacturing of reliable and cost‐effective disposable SERS microfluidic chips using high throughput technologies of injection molding and roll‐to‐roll are demonstrated. The SERS microfluidic chip is made of cyclic olein copolymers and of an ultrathin nanostructured polyethylene terephthalate foil covered by a plasmonic nanostructured Ag film, enabling Raman readout through it. This ultrathin plasmonic Ag‐coated PET layer overcomes the drawbacks of SERS through thick polymeric microfluidic cells, i.e., it avoids strong fluorescence signals interfering with the Raman measurements and avoids high working distances. The achieved SERS enhancement in the range 105–106 is demonstrated by probing 100 nl of 1 M rhodamine and of 10−12 m crystal violet with a > 90% reproducible signal, with large‐area uniformity on all the SERS area of 20 mm 2 and good stability of the signal over months. Therefore, this approach of SERS microfluidic chips provides an industrially viable customizable and cost‐effective route toward disposable, point‐of‐care diagnostic applications.
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