Background:South Pars special economic energy zone is the world's second largest gas reservoir that was established two decades ago. High incidence of social harms is observed in this region due to various problems such as drug addiction which is of high prevalence.Objectives:The current study aimed at finding the strategies to prevent drug abuse and formulating policies in the region.Materials and Methods:The research method was a combination of nested type (qualitative-quantitative) and analysis of participated stakeholders’ views. The study was conducted from January 2014 to May 2015 in Bushehr province. Intentional sampling was used in qualitative section. Collected data were classified in 3 areas: recognition, directions, and implementation requirements.Results:Different factors were identified affecting the prevalence of drug addiction. Various prevention and treatment interventions have been conducted in response to drug abuse in the region, though they have been often sectional, insular, inconsistent, and immeasurable in terms of impact. After the study, a combination of compulsory, facilitative, and promotional interventions was proposed to reduce drug abuse by 10% within a strategic 5-year plan. These interventions are based on 3 aspects: people, industry, and governance, which have been announced and approved based on a memorandum of understanding.Conclusions:It is necessary to implement simultaneous national interventions as soon as possible to improve the economic, social, political, technological, international, and environmental conditions. In the current study, unlike the previous attempts, national stakeholders, including ministry of petroleum, ministry of health and medical education, interior ministry, ministry of cooperatives, labor, and social welfare, and Iran drug control headquarters have played active roles. This fact is evident in their formulation of a policy document in the region and action plan after reaching a memorandum of understanding.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, which has not been completely cured yet. The traditional approaches have low accuracy for breast cancer detection. However, intelligent techniques have been recently used in medical research to distinguish infected individuals from healthy ones, accurately. Objectives: In this study, we aim to develop an ensemble machine learning (ML) method to distinguish tumor samples from healthy samples robustly. Methods: We used an Imperial Competitive Algorithm coupled with a Fuzzy System (ICA-Fuzzy-SR) to identify the most influencing features to recognize tumor samples. To evaluate the proposed method, we used the publicly available Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD). Results: Benchmarking with the current existing leading methods indicates that our proposed method achieves 95.45% prediction accuracy, which is 3% better than those reported in previous studies. Conclusions: Such results achieve while our model is significantly faster than previously proposed models to solve this problem.

Background: Health legislation provides a framework to implement various health policies. Participatory democracy in healthcare is inevitable. Citizens and health professionals should participate in participatory democracy, and health laws should be the result of a process in which participatory instruments and techniques have a prominent role. Health democracy can be achieved through the expansion of mechanisms for citizens' participation in the legislative process. The health democracy enables citizens to participate in the decision-making process and to have equal access to services provided by the public health system. Objectives: The current study aims to assess participatory mechanisms used by selected countries to participate their citizens in legislative processes. Methods: The current study is a comparative study of the legislative processes of selected countries. To select countries, four issues were evaluated: (a) overall legal system; (b) how laws enforce; (c) legislative backgrounds; and (d) health system basic model. Results: The number of legislative chambers, legislative initiatives, legislative authorities and institutions, legislative commissions, and citizens' participation in the legislative process were analyzed in the selected countries. An analysis of the factors affecting public participation in healthcare legislation shows that participation in the legislative process is a complex phenomenon influenced by social, legal, cultural, political, and sovereignty factors. This phenomenon cannot be analyzed isolated from these factors. However, the way should be paved for citizens' participation. The selected countries use different methods for citizens' participation, depending on their legal systems. Conclusions: Research results show that there are various public participation mechanisms. In Iran, there is a huge potential for public participation, and members of the parliament can easily interact with the interest groups and relevant individuals. These conditions provide a golden opportunity for expert health legislation.