ABSTRAKNelayan di Desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, awalnya menggunakan bagan perahu untuk menangkap ikan teri Stolephorus sp. sebagai umpan perikanan pole and line, akan tetapi pada saat ini banyak tertangkap selain teri yaitu juvenil dan larva ikan, ini permasalahan yang perlu dikaji komposisi tangkapan dari bagan perahu. Tujuan penelitian  adalah  menganalisis komposisi tangkapan, by-cacth, discard, dan aspek ekonomi. Penelitian  dilaksanakan di perairan desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat, dari tanggal 1 sampai 9 Juni 2018. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei. Obyek penelitian yaitu ikan hasil tangkapan bagan perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tangkapan bagan perahu didominasi oleh ikan target tangkap, yaitu; ikan teri (Stolephorus sp) sebesar 86,295%, tangkapan sampingan  12,335% dan tangkapan yang dibuang 1,370%. Tangkapan sampingan didominasi ikan  peperek (Leiognatus sp) yaitu 5,575%. Nilai keuntungan Usaha bagan perahu sebesar Rp 93.047.200,00/tahun dengan B/C ratio 2,96. Berdasarkan perbandingan antara target tangkap dengan by-catch dan discard, bagan perahu di Desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat dikategorikan alat tangkap ramah lingkungan dan secara finansial menguntungkan dan layak dikembangkan (berkelanjutan). Walaupun discard rate pada bagan perahu rendah namun usaha-usaha untuk meminimumkan tetap perlu dilakukan. Salah satu usaha yang bisa dilakukan adalah sortir, dan hasil tangkapan yang tidak memiliki nilai ekonomis dibuang ke laut dalam keadaan masih hidup. ABSTRACTFishermen in Toniku Village, West Halmahera Regency, initially used a boat lift net to catch anchovy Stolephorus sp. As bait for pole and line fisheries, but at this time many were caught besides anchovy, namely juvenile and fish larvae, these are problems that need to be studied from the boat lift net. The study objective was to analyze the composition of catchs, by-catch, discard, and economic aspects. The research was carried out in the waters of Toniku village, West Halmahera Regency, from June 1 to 9, 2018. The study method is the survey method. The object of the research is the fish catch by the boat lift net. The study results show the catch of the boat's lift net was dominated by main catch, namely; anchovy (Stolephorus sp) is 86.295%, by-catch 12.335% and discard 1.370%. The bay-catch  is dominated by peperek (Leiognatus sp) which is 5.575%. Value of the boat lift net business profit of Rp. 93,047,200.00/year with B/C ratio 2.96. Based on the comparison between catch targets and by-catch and discard, the boat lift net in Toniku Village, West Halmahera Regency is categorized as environmentally friendly and financially profitable and feasible (sustainable) fishing gear. Although the discard rate on the boat chart is low, efforts to minimize it still need to be done. One effort that can be done is sorting, and catches that have no economic value are dumped into the sea while still alive.

Abstrak Cengkeh memiliki peranan yang cukup besar dalam pembangunan di bidang perekonomian di Indonesia. Perkembangan produksi dan harga cengkeh di Indonesia dari tahun 2003 – sekarang berfluktuasi dengan kecendrungan meningkat setiap tahunnya dengan rata-rata tingkat pertumbuhan sebesar 1%. Namun permasalahan harga merupakan masalah utama dalam budidaya tanaman cengkeh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar tingkat motivasi petani, terhadap budidaya tanaman cengkeh dan melihat hubungan antara Faktor pendorong motivasi petani dengan tingkat motivasi petani, dan factor penghambat motivasi petani dengan tingkat motivasi petani di Mukim Lampuuk Kecamatan Lhoknga. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey, data dikumpulkan dari wawancara dengan petani responden yang diambil dengan cara cluster sampling dan sample proposional . Total responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50 responden. Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa motivasi petani cengkeh berada pada kategori tinggi, yaitu 52%. Petani menanam tanaman cengkeh dapat memenuhi kebutuhan ekonominya dan membawa dampak positif secara sosial. Hubungan antara faktor pendorong dengan motivasi petani dengan nilai signifikan 0,01 dan berhubungan searah. Sedangkan faktor pendorong: lingkungan ekonomi dan status sosial ekonomi berpengaruh nyata.  dan faktor penghambat dengan motivasi petani tidak berpengaruh nyata, didalamnya antara lain; hama dan penyakit serta ketidaktersediannya kredit usaha tani.Motivation Of Farmers, Power Factors And Drug Factors In Plant Cultivation In Mukim Lampuuk District Lhoknga District Aceh Big DistrictAbstract  Cloves have a considerable role in the development in the field of economy in Indonesia. Development of production and the price of cloves in Indonesia from the year 2003 – present fluctuating trend is increasing every year, with an average growth rate of 1%. But the main issue is the price problems in the cultivation of cloves. This research aims to look at how big the level of motivation of farmers, against the cultivated crops of clove and see the relationships between the Factors driving the motivation of farmers with a level of motivation of farmers, and the factor restricting farmer motivation with a the level of motivation of farmers in Lhoknga Subdistrict Mukim Lampuuk. Research using survey method, data were collected from interviews with farmers respondents were taken by means of cluster sampling and sample proportional. Total respondents in this study as many as 50 respondents. Data analysis showed that the motivation of clove farmers are on a high category, i.e. 52%. Farmers plant crops of clove can meet the needs of the economy and bring positive impact socially. The relationship between driving factor with the motivation of farmers with a significant value of 0.01 and connect direct. While the driving factor: economic environment and socio-economic status effect is real.  restricting factors and with the motivation of farmers do not affect real, therein, among others; pests and diseases as well as the unavailability of farming credit.

Rice farming is an activity that is mostly carried out by rural communities in Aceh. Kuta Baro District is one of the sub-districts in Aceh Besar District and is the center of rice production but is inseparable from the various risks that threaten it. Rice farming does not always run smoothly, the declining level of farmers income can be caused by several risks thet often occur. Various risks faced by farmers in farming will be obstacle for farmers to increase production and farmers income. Considering the many risks faced by farmers and the limited resources and time that farmers have in overcoming the risks.so that no all risks can be handled properly, only some risks must be prioritizedbased on the sources of risks in rice farming. The purpose of this study is to map the most influential risks to rice farming and to determine the most important priority risks to rice farming in Kuta Baro District. The location of this research was chosen purposively, with a sampel of 30 farmers. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The methods and FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) methods. The results showed that based on the calculation of the RPN (Risks  Priorty Number )then there are 5 risks out of 26 risks faced by farmers thet must be prioritized. The risks that must be prioritized first are drought whit an RPN value of 329,07, whater shortages and whater restrictions from irrigation with an RPN value of 290,67, the third is pest and disease attacks eith an RPN 16, the four uncertain climate changes with an RPN value. Of 156,67 and the price of expensive fertilizer with an RPfN value of 155,5.

Abstrak - Profil usahatani jeruk pamelo giri matang merupakan suatu gambaran  mengenai keberadaan usahatani komoditas tanaman jeruk pamelo kultivar giri matang (putih manis) berdasarkan skala budidaya tertentu, jumlah populasi berdasarkan stadia umur tanaman, luas tanam, status kepemilikan tanaman dan seluruh aspek kegiatan pembudidayaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana standar ideal usahatani, rantai saluran pemasaran, dan jenis pendapatan yang diperoleh rumah tangga petani dari usahatani jeruk pamelo giri matang di Kecamatan peusangan Siblah Krueng. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa usahatani jeruk pamelo giri matang belum memenuhi standar usahatani ideal, karena sebagian besar rumah tangga petani belum menerapkan kegiatan usahatani sesuai dengan standar. Pemasaran jeruk pamelo giri matang menggunakan saluran pemasaran 0 dan 1 tingkat. Usahatani jeruk pamelo giri matang bukan merupakan  sumber pendapatan utama rumah tangga petani, karena kontribusinya tergolong dalam kategori rendah yaitu sebesar 16% dengan rata-rata pendapatan Rp 11.511.003/tahun.Farming Profile of Giri Matang Pummelo (Citrus maxima (Burm) Merr.) in Peusangan Siblah Krueng District, Bireuen RegencyAbstract – Farming profile of giri matang pummelo is an illustration of the existence of pummelo crops farming commodity of giri matang (sweet white) cultivar based on a certain scale cultivation, the number of population by crop age stadia, acreage, ownership status of plants and all the aspect of cultivation. This study aims to determine how the ideal standard of farming, marketing channel chain, and the type of farmer household income derived from the farming of giri matang pummelo in Peusangan Siblah Krueng distric. The results showed that the farming of giri matang pummelo has not met the ideal standard of farming, because most of farmers household do not apply farming activities in accordance with the standard. Giri matang pummelo marketing using marketing channels 0 and 1 levels. Farming of giri matang pummelo is not the main source of income of farmer households, for his contributions classified in the low category at 16% with an average income of Rp 11,511,003/year.

Abstrak. Panglima Laot lhok adalah pemimpin nelayan yang secara hukum adat laut (hukum adat laot) bertugas mengkoordinasikan satu atau lebih wilayah operasional nelayan, dan minimal satu pemukiman nelayan. Panglima Laot lhok mempunyai fungsi untuk mengatur pengaturan penangkapan ikan dan mempunyai kewenangan untuk menyelesaikan sengketa, perselisihan dan pelanggaran yang terjadi diantara nelayan dan memberikan sanksi kepada si pelanggar sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum adat laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting panglima laot lhok, untuk mengetahui peranan panglima laot lhok dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya laut berbasis adat dan mengidentifikasi faktor –faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi nelayan terhadap peran panglima laot lhok. Lokasi penelitian  yaitu di Kecamatan Masjid raya Kabupaten Aceh Besar . Jumlah sample ditentukan secara purposive sampling yaitu 40 sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Skala Likert, deskriptif dan analisis  regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian didapat bahwa keradaan Panglima Laot Di Kecamatan Masjid Raya masih aktif, dapat kita lihat hukum adat masih dijalani oleh para nelayan. Peranan panglima laot lhok di kecamatan masjid raya berada pada kategori berperan . Faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi nelayan terhadap peran Panglima Laot Lhok yaitu variabel Kapasitas panglima laot lhok (X1), kepribadian (X2), hubungan sosial (X4) dan lingkungan (X5), secara simultan semua faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi peran panglima laot lhok.The Role Of Panglima Laot Lhok In The Management Marine Resources Based On Custom In Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Kabupaten Aceh BesarAbstract. Panglima Laot lhok is a fisherman leader who is legally marine (laot customary law) in charge of coordinating one or more fishermen's operational areas, and at least one fisherman's settlement. Panglima Laot lhok has a function to regulate fishing arrangements and has the authority to resolve disputes, disputes and violations that occur between fishermen and sanction the offenders in accordance with the provisions of customary law of the sea. This study aims to determine the existing condition of commander laot lhok, to know the role of commander laot lhok in the management of marine resources based on adat and identify factors influencing perception of fisherman to role of commander of laot lhok. The research location is in kecamatan Masjid raya kabupaten Aceh Besar. The number of samples is determined by purposive sampling that is 40 samples. This research uses Likert Scale method, descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis. The results obtained that the presence of Panglima Laot In kecamatan Masjid Raya is still active, we can see the customary law is still undertaken by the fishermen. The role of commander of laot lhok in sub-district of mosque is in the role category. Factors influencing the perception of fishermen on the role Panglima Laot Lhok are the variables Capacity panglima laot lhok (X1), personality (X2), social relations (X4) and environment (X5), simultaneously all these factors affect the role of panglima laot lhok.