In addition to the contributions and relevance of entrepreneurship activities to economic growth and development of countries, various factors have equally been advanced as responsible for the success stories of entrepreneurship sustainability worldwide. However, the influence of success factors on gender ownership of entrepreneurship activities is a relatively new aspect in the field of research that has not gained much academic attention in the literature especially in South Africa. This debate is so important in the face of the various agitations for equal participation of women and the inconclusive debate that women are better managers of business enterprises. In this article, using the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) technique, we examined the extent to which sustainable entrepreneurship indicators (finance, social and environmental) account for any disparity in gender ownership and management of business enterprises in South Africa. A stratified sampling method was adopted for the survey. Our analytical technique (MANOVA) created a new summary dependent variable, which is a linear combination of each of our original dependent variables. Confidence intervals of 95% and margins of error (3%) were used to validate the results. Findings indicate that the only difference that exists as per gender ownership disparity is around financial resources. There is therefore a need to realign programmes and policies to reduce this gendered inequality.

The promotion of efficiency and sustainability of water use have been enshrined in the National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) of South Africa. Currently there is no immediate intractable water crisis facing South Africa, although this is undoubtedly based on the assumption that the existing water resources will be managed effectively. In enhancing revitalisation, the design and supervision of water resources must be linked with the country's development approach for sustained agrarian reform. It cannot, however, be applauded that the broad social and economic objectives, or even the more specific objective of water security, in South Africa are being fully realized at moment. However, to understand the contemporary issues in revitalisation of water resources for sustainable agricultural development, the paper first describes the various phases of irrigation development in South Africa and highlights the past and present measures taken by the government to ensure equity of access to water. Secondly, it also highlights water security; water demand and supply management; water productivity and water governance in South Africa.

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The paper present the trend of government programmes and interventions used in tackling the endemic problem of abject poverty. The pluralistic nature of these programmes is encouraged by the dynamic socio-economic circumstances within South Africa domain. Concerns raised from "Towards a Ten Year Review" emphasised the necessity to harmonize all Government's development programmes under a single structure or "Social compact". In view of the importance of agriculture, particularly for developing countries, a large aspect of the development discourse around agriculture has been focused on poverty alleviation. Across all nine provinces, the noticeable and critical problem is poverty which the government needs to contend with and address. The challenges faced presently in the reduction of poverty are numerous. Key programme responses of the South African government considered in this paper are:

The trend in the contemporary society for accountability calls for the evaluation of extension services. Extension service providers should be saddled with the responsibility of ensuring that farmers are continually satisfied with services being delivered. In enhancing farmers’ loyalty and confidence, extension feedback is becoming increasingly paramount. Customer satisfaction survey remains an essential tool for measuring the quality of services and outcome of programmes. The purpose of the study was to determine the quality related to innovation dissemination and teaching as perceived by farmers inthe adoption of new agricultural technologiesin Amathole District Municipality. Thespecific objectives of the study were to: describe how assessments of quality of Extension services differ by gender and the outcomes of the experiences with Extension services. Amathole district Municipality was used as the study population. The entire survey was carried out using a continuous sequence of contacts. A total of 900 useable surveys were pooled for the study. Farmers’ gender was found to be linked with Extension service satisfaction and outcomes. However, females appear to have overall satisfaction with service delivery than males. The implication of this is that males are less likely to cultivate confidence and loyalty in extension services in Amathole district. Following these findings, concerted effort is required to improve extension services in the area by integrating more holistic participatory approaches to enhance equal involvement of male and female farmers in needs assessment, programme planning, designing, delivery and the full recognition of indigenous knowledge system.