The orbits are paired structures, located on the anterior part of the face. Morphologically, each orbit is a four sided pyramid with a posterior apex and anterior base. In the orbit, all openings are arranged around the base, apex or between the orbital walls. An anatomical characteristic of the orbit is that structures are arranged in groups of seven: there are seven bones, seven intraorbital muscles and seven nerves in the orbit. Tumors confined within the periorbita in the anterior two thirds of the orbit can often be approached extracranially, but those located in the apical area, and especially those on the medial side of the optic nerve, often require a transcranial approach. Thus, knowledge of orbital osteology is paramount in adequately choosing and performing an orbital approach. Understanding the critical topographical elements in this area helps to classify an orbital lesion and provides for a solid basis in choosing the most adequate intraorbital route for its treatment.

-In this case an aneurysm of the right posterior communicating artery developed 11 months after an infundibular dilation of this artery had been angiographycally and surgically demonstrated. In the best of the authors' knowledge, there are only eleven such cases reported in the literature. This report brings about diagnostic and therapeutic questions regarding arterial infundibula and the need of a better understanding of those lesions.KEY WORDS: aneurysm, arterial infundibulum, bilateral supratentorial aneurysms, infundibular dilation.Progressão de infundíbulo arterial a aneurisma: relato de caso Progressão de infundíbulo arterial a aneurisma: relato de caso Progressão de infundíbulo arterial a aneurisma: relato de caso Progressão de infundíbulo arterial a aneurisma: relato de caso Progressão de infundíbulo arterial a aneurisma: relato de caso RESUMO -Relatamos a transformação de uma dilatação infundibular da origem da artéria comunicante posterior em aneurisma, após onze meses do diagnóstico angiográfico e cirúrgico. Apenas onze casos semelhantes foram descritos na literatura internacional. Relatos como esse trazem à tona os problemas diagnósticos e terapêuticos representados por essas lesões e suscitam a necessidade do melhor entendimento das dilatações infundibulares encontradas nas artérias cerebrais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: aneurismas, aneurismas bilaterais, dilatação infundibular, infundíbulo.

Sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) promotes impairment of upper cortical functions. However, few information is available emphasizing changes in language after aneurismal SAH and aneurysm location influence. Objective To assess the language and verbal fluency performance in aneurismal SAH pre- and post-surgery in patients caused by an aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery (AcomA), left middle cerebral artery (L-MCA) and left posterior comunicating artery (L-PcomA). Methods Assessment in 79 patients with SAH, on two occasions: pre- and post surgical treatment. They were divided into three groups by the aneurysms’ location. Results Deterioration is detected in the performance of all patients during the post-surgical period; L-MCA aneurysm patients displayed a reduction in verbal naming and fluency; L-PcomA patients deteriorated in the written language and fluency tasks. Conclusion After the surgical procedure the patients decreased in various language tasks and these differences in performance being directly related to the location of the aneurysm.