Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci saprophyte of the human gastrointestinal tract, diners who act as opportunistic pathogens. They can cause infections in patients hospitalized for a long time or who have received multiple antibiotic therapy. Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the most common species in human infections. To evaluate the possibility of rapid detection of these species and their occurrence in the blood of newborns with suspected nosocomial infection, blood samples were collected from 50 newborns with late infections, admitted to the Neonatal Care Unit of the University Hospital Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS-HU), from September 2010 to January 2011. The samples were subjected to conventional PCR and real time PCR (qPCR) to search for Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. The PCR results were compared with respective blood cultures from 40 patients. No blood cultures were positive for Enterococci, however, eight blood samples were identified as genomic DNA of Enterococcus faecium by qPCR and 22 blood samples were detected as genomic DNA of Enterococcus faecalis by conventional PCR. These findings are important because of the clinical severity of the evaluated patients who were found positive by conventional PCR and not through routine microbiological methods.

The intention of this article is to report a case of a 26 years old man presenting a rare combination of congenital heart disease (Ebstein anomaly) and coronary artery disease. EA (Ebstein anomaly) has a prevalence of 1% of all congenital heart diseases, as CAD (coronary artery disease) has a little evidence in literature's registries when occurred in individuals with 40 years old or less. Therefore, this case report rises attention to the rarity of those patologies, which individually are already considerably rare and, in this case, it comes associated what turns this diagnosis excepcional, highlighting the complexity of the treatment.