This article examines interaction with spirits among the Luangan, a group of shifting cultivators in Indonesian Borneo. Through examples of different forms of Luangan spirit interaction, it interrogates the relationship between the spirit world and the natural environment, with special reference to what happens when the latter undergoes dramatic change. Inspired by Eduardo Kohn's understanding of how the spirit world is semiotically embedded within the rainforest environment, I explore how relations with nonhumans reflect historical and ongoing experiences of life and sociality in the forest and human domain, while superimposing a virtual relational landscape upon the natural landscape. It is proposed that spirit communication offers a means of refiguring human lives and alleviating debilitation, and that recurrent rituals enable Luangans to virtually maintain relations with unseen beings of the local environment, even where it has been thoroughly transformed through oil palm cultivation. Feeling a sudden gust of cold air and the hair on the back of his neck standing up on end, Tanto sensed the presence of a wok, a ghost-like spirit, late one night in 2015 as he was driving his motorbike home from a visit to a neighbouring village. He then saw the spirit, a woman with long black hair hovering in the air on the side of the road, dressed in a white robe of the type that corpses are wrapped in. Terrified, he stepped on the gas, but it felt like the motorbike was held back, only slowly crawling up the hill. When he finally made it to a cluster of small houses near a swidden field in the vicinity, he noticed that the drivetrain of the bike was broken. Three days later, as Tanto returned to the district capital where he went to junior high school, he learned that a truck with Banjar Malay traders, out to collect bamboo, had turned over at that very same spot, killing one of them. Like the forest paths that provided the main routes of movement through the local landscape of the Luangans when I first got to know it in the 1990s, the subsequently constructed dirt and asphalt roads now linking most villages in this upriver area of East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo, have become scenes of encounters between humans and nonhumans of different kinds. As Tanto's story reveals, these sometimes uncanny encounters may not only involve human and spirit agents, but increasingly they also
