The study showed that after rectal administration, tramadol is absorbed at a reasonable rate and with a low inter-individual variability in small children. The data also suggested that a rectal dose of tramadol 1.5-2.0 mg kg(-1) is therapeutic.

Both the modeling and simulation results and the follow-up study indicated that a bolus dose of 1 mg/kg followed 6 hours later with a 1- or 2-mg/kg loading dose and a 0.2-mg/kg x. h intravenous infusion provides a rational starting point for furosemide therapy after cardiac surgery in pediatric patients less than 1 year old. Adjustment of this regimen every 12 hours in steps of 0.1 mg/kg x h on the basis of clinical assessment should lead to adequate control over urinary output.