Most studies on bamboo have evaluated their commercial use but few have investigated their associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These symbiont fungi are fundamental on plant growth, nutrient cycling, biodiversity maintenance, etc., particularly on acidic/dystrophic soils as those of the Brazilian Cerrado. This study aimed to characterize the community composition and ecological interactions of AMF associated with the bamboo species Actinocladum verticillatum and Bambusa vulgaris vittata, under Cerrado vegetation in central Brazil. Roots and rhizospheric soil samples of A. verticillatum and B. vulgaris vittata were collected on 12 plots in the Gurupi (Tocantis state) and Porangatu (Goiás state) microregions. The roots' mycorrhizal colonization rate, rhizospheric soil' spore density, and the associated AMF genera were evaluated. There were no differences in the radical mycorrhizal colonization rates among the two bamboo species, although B. vulgaris vittata showed higher spore density than A. verticillatum. The genera Acaulospora, Claroideglomus, Diversispora, Scutellospora, Glomus, and Gigaspora were identified in both bamboo species, while Sclerocystis was present only on A. verticillatum. The genera Acaulospora, Diversispora, and Glomus were frequently found together. This study may be a first step to future AMF-based bamboo micropropagation efforts in the Cerrado Brazilian vegetation.

Sorghum is one of the crops of great relevance in the production of grains in the cerrado region. Its main use for animal feeding and is considered a great alternative for human food in the form of grains. A promising alternative is the use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (N) in the sorghum crop. Inoculation with N-fixing bacteria, such as Azospirillum, is an alternative to reduce costs by replacing the high cost of production due to nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this work was to evaluate different methods of inoculating nitrogen - fixing bacteria (Azospirilum) in sorghum culture. The experiment was carried out in the city of Goianésia, Goiás, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments, using 4 replicates per treatment, arranged in different methods of inoculation of Azospirillun brasilense in sorghum: control inoculation, seed treatment, application in furrow, application in cover after sowing and application 10 days after emergence. To determine growth and development, the following evaluations were made: stem thickness, root length, root volume, number of nodes, fresh shoot mass and shoot dry mass. Seed inoculation presented superiority in relation to other treatments regarding root length, number of nodes, green mass and dry mass. The inoculation with Azospirillum promoted positive effects on shoot thickness and root length, obtaining significant amounts and seed inoculation with the best results.

The main residue of iron and nickel mining is slag, a solid residue of low solubility and rich in magnesium silicate. A residue with potential use as a soil conditioner, however, it is still necessary to investigate whether its use brings impacts to the environment. Microorganisms are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, changes that can be used as environmental quality indicators. Among the organisms that act as microbiological indicators of soil quality, the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi stands out. With this, this study aimed to verify the mycorrhizal activity as a quality indicator under application of nickel iron mining slag as soil conditioner. The experiment was carried out in the greenhouses of the agronomy course and in the laboratory of agricultural microbiology of the Evangelical College of Goianésia. Magnesium silicate was supplied by Anglo American Mining Company, located in Barro Alto, Goiás. Agronomic and microbiological analyses were performed at the Evangelical College of Goianésia, Goiás. The experimental design used was completely randomized, arranged with five treatments and with five replications, where the treatments were composed of four doses of magnesium silicate: 9, 12, 15, and 18 g dm -3 of soil in addition to the control without application. Ten golden saw rice seeds were planted in 10-L pots. Soil analysis used in the experiment was performed to determine soil nutritional parameters. The application of iron and nickel mining slag does not influence the development of rice in the first application. The application of 9 dm³g -1 of iron and nickel mining slag soil positively influences mycorrhizal activity on roots and soil.

The peppers business is an important segment of the Brazilian agricultural market, with strong expression in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The objective of this work was to determine the mycorrhizal colonization rate, spore density and mycorrhizal fungi genotypes associated with the rhizosphere of ten lines of chilli peppers (Capsicum frutescens). The experimental design was completely randomized, with 10 treatments and 4 replicates, with the ten strains of Capsicum frutescens: IFET-1121; IFET-1109; IFET-1129; IFET-1119; IFET-1117; IFET-1137; IFET-1131; IFET-1127; IFET-1125 and IFET-1111. The spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) will be extracted from the soil using 50 cm³ of each composite sample, using the wet sieving technique. The determination of the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization occurred through the technique of intersection of the quadrants. The identification of mycorrhizal fungi species was by morphological comparison based on the descriptions of the reference cultures present in the International Culture Collection of Arbuscular and Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. The spore number and mycorrhizal colonization data will be submitted to classical statistical analysis using the Assistat program (2016). The genus Acaulospora, Claroideoglomus, Diversispora, Scutellospora, Sclerocystis, Glomus, Funneliformis and Gigaspora associated with the rhizosphere of the Capsicum frutescens strains were identified. The genera Glomus, acaulosporand Claroideoglomuswere found in all strains analyzed. The IFET - 1127 strain presented higher spore density values when compared to the other strains studied. No significant difference was found in the values of mycorrhizal colonization rate among the investigated strains