Objective: The main objectives of this paper are to explore the critical issues in the agitations/calls for restructuring Nigeria. A conceptual model is used and critical issues identified as influenced by many factors and interests with a special reflections on the background history, geography, heterogeneity and politics of the Nigerian state. Methodology: Secondary sources of data were used to and historical documentation method of data analysis was also used to analyse the data. Results: There are severally identified issues which are critical to and must be squarely addressed in order to arrive at a desired and mutually accepted stand on Nigeria’s geo-political, ethno-religious and socio-cultural composition, and a sustained unity and stability which are sought in the name of restructuring. Elites and political merchants’ prime interest in power and resources have however, shaped and dominated the restructuring agitations. Implications: The study is premised on the socio-economic, political and ethno-religious realities of the Nigerian state and society. Therefore, the study presented an outline and a roadmap for the Nigerian policy makers, politicians, citizens and other stakeholders in the Nigerian state. The study stated the most sensitive issues which are indispensable to any re-arrangement, negotiation, consensus and unity in the Nigerian state by the name of restructuring.

One of the major developments in the technology today is the wind turbine that generates electricity and feed it directly to the grid which is used in many part of the world. The main purpose of this work is to determine the wind potential for electricity generation in Aliero, Kebbi state. Five years Data (2014-2018) was collected from the metrological weather station (Campell Scientific Model), the equipment installed at Kebbi State University of Science And Technology Aliero The data was converted to monthly and annual averages, and compared with the threshold average wind speed values that can only generate electricity in both vertical and horizontal wind turbines. The highest average wind speed 2.81 m/s was obtained in the month of January and the minimum average wind speed of 1.20 m/s in the month of October. Mean annual wind speed measured in the study area shows that there has been an increase in the wind speed from 2014 which peaked in 2015 and followed by sudden decrease to a minimum seasonal value in the year 2016. The highest wind direction is obtained from the North North-East (NNE) direction. From the results of wind power density it shows that we have highest wind power density in month of January and December with  0.8635 w/ m2 and 0.8295 w/ m2 respectively, while lowest wind power density in the month of October and September with 0.6780 w/ m2 and 0.6575 w/ m2  respectively. Result of the type Wind Turbine to be selected in the study area shows that the site is not viable for power generation using a horizontal wind turbine but the vertical wind turbine will be suitable for the generation of electricity.

This article overviews the push/pull factors of citizens’ participation in Nigerian politics. Citizens’ participation in state politics is both integral and an indispensable part of every political system and development. However, it is determined by numerous factors which are universal, but relative in terms of contexts. Such a participation is affected by many factors in Nigeria. The study uses secondary sources to collect data and perform qualitative analysis. The study is timely and significant in view of the critical roles where participation plays in shaping and influencing Nigerian politics, especially at the current moment when it is being characterized by apathy and participation on two ends. It is concentrated on an atmosphere of push and pull forces, negative and positive issues and developments, this environment is manipulated by elites/politicians. This needs a change for the better, to inculcate hope, overcome despair, anxiety as well as increased ethno-religious and electoral tensions.

Objective: The objective is to make a comparative study of the Nigeria’s First Republic (1954-1966) and the post 1966 federalism. The two periods saw Nigeria practicing federalism with different power sharing and governmental components arrangements. The study is significant at this time of search for a viable federalism, incessant agitations for restructuring the Nigerian state, and increasing threats to her unity and cohesion over the federal arrangement. Methodology: The study used non-numerical, secondary and historically documented sources to collect data and also used the historical method and practical events in Nigeria’s journey of federalism to analyse the data. Result: In the First Republic, it was a fiscal federalism with greater regional autonomy and limited constitutional powers to the Central Government, while the post 1966 federalism had more and strategic powers constitutionally allocated to the Central Government. First Republic federalism was more disciplined in financial and residual matters and power with greater autonomy and competition between regions which greatly fostered development and accountability among them, with less constitutional frictions between the Central and Regions. Implication: The study fills an existing gap in the study of Nigeria’s federalism viz-a-viz more calls for restructuring and or true federalism, number of units and devolution of constitutional powers, corruption, slow and discouraged development, which result in over-reliance on statutory allocations from the Centre, and intensifies struggle for resource control, although it on the other hand controversially guarantees the unity of the Nigerian state.