No abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of liquid smoke coconut shell on mortality against armyworm. Research conducted at the Chemical Laboratory of the State University of Gorontalo. Liquid smoke is obtained through the pyrolysis process is a heating process at a given temperature of a coconut shell with a limited amount of oxygen. To find out the components contained in the liquid smoke coconut shell, then analyzed using GCMS, then in assay acid, phenol content test, test the pH of liquid smoke and liquid smoke test results influence coconut shell can be mortality in armyworm. The results obtained pyrolysis liquid smoke grade 3 is used as an organic pesticide on armyworms with a variant of the concentrations used are 1, 3, 5 and 7%. GCMS analysis finds that there are 7 compound, methyl ester of oxalic acid 31.41%, 2,3-butanadion 0.29%, 48.75% acetic acid, 2-propanone 1-hydroxy 7.25%, propanoic acid 4,01%, 2- furankarboksaldehid 5.09%, and 3.19% phenol. Values acid test of 13.9356 mg/mL, the test value phenol content of 6.53710-01%, has a pH of 3. The results showed that liquid smoke coconut shell with a concentration of 7% have a presentation armyworm mortality of 88.89%.Keywords: Shell Oil, Liquid Smoke, Pesticides Organic, armywormPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi asap cair tempurung kelapa terhadap mortalitas terhadap ulat grayak. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Asap cair diperoleh melalui proses pirolisis merupakan proses pemanasan pada temperatur tertentu dari tempurung kelapa dengan jumlah oksigen yang terbatas. Untuk mengetahui komponen yang terdapat pada asap cair tempurung kelapa, maka dianalisis menggunakan GCMS, selanjutnya di uji kadar asam, uji kadar fenol, uji pH asap cair dan uji pengaruh hasil asap cair tempurung kelapa dapat bersifat mortalitas pada ulat grayak. Hasil pirolisis yang didapatkan asap cair grade 3 yang digunakan sebagai pestisida organik pada ulat grayak dengan varian konsentrasi yang digunakan yaitu 1, 3, 5 dan 7%. Hasil analisis GCMS diketahui terdapat 7 senyawa, metil ester asam oksalat 31,41%, 2,3-butanadion 0,29%, asam asetat 48,75 %, 1-hidroksi- 2-propanon 7,25 %, asam propanoat 4,01%, 2-furan karboksaldehid 5,09%, dan fenol 3,19%. Nilai uji kadar asam sebesar 13,9356 mg/mL, nilai uji kadar fenol sebesar 6,53710-01%, memiliki pH sebesar 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa asap cair tempurung kelapa dengan konsentrasi 7% memiliki presentasi mortalitas ulat grayak sebesar 88,89%.Kata Kunci : Tempurung kelapa, asap cair, pestisida organik, ulat grayak

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) is one of the plants that has high antioxidant activity, especially in the leaves. Emulgel is one of the topical dosage which dermatologically has several beneficial properties, namely thixotropic, not oily, easy to spread, easy to clean, soft, easy to wash, long lasting, transparent and comfortable when used. The purpose of this research was to formulate moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves extract into emulgel dosage forms and determine the antioxidant activity of the dosage using DPPH method.The research began with extraction of moringa leaves and optimization of the base by varying the concentration of carbopol 940 as gelling consisting of F1 0.5%, F2 1%, F3 1.5% and F4 2%. The base that met the requirements of good physical stability was F2.  The F2 base was then made into emulgel dosage with 3 concentration variations of the extract, namely F2a 4%, F2b 5% and F2c 6%. The physical stability test result of each formula met the organoleptic test,the pH test, the dispersion test, the adhesion test, the viscosity test, and the freeze-thaw test. The One way ANOVA statistical test result showed that the p value was greater than 0.05, which meant that the emulgel dosage had good physical stability. The IC50values of each antioxidant activity result were F2a (t0 = 120.464 g/mL; t28 = 144.887 g/mL), F2b (t0 = 113.642 g/mL; t28 = 128.407g/mL), F2c (t0 = 74.745 g/mL; t28 = 90.618 g/mL). The statistical results of the t-test showed thep value = 0,027, (0.05), This indicated that there were significant difference results of the antioxidant activity test between the three formulas on the first day (t0) and on the 28th day (t28).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya serap arang aktif dari ampas tebu dan kondisi optimum arang aktif dalam mengadsorpsi ion logam berat Cd, Cu dan Cr dengan tiga variasi yaitu variasi massa, variasi konsentrasi dan variasi waktu kontak. Limbah ampas tebu memiliki kandungan selulosa yang mampu untuk mengadsorpsi adsorben. Preparasi ampas tebu meliputi pembuatan arang ampas tebu, pembuatan arang aktif secara aktivasi kimia dengan menggunakan larutan HCl, arang aktif yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi meliputi uji kadar air, kadar abu serta analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan Instrument Fourier Infrare (FTIR),dan analisis morfologi arang aktif menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Aplikasi arang aktif digunakan sebagai adsorben logam berat Cu, Cd, dan Cr dengan menggunakan Spektrometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan daya serap adsorpsi arang aktif pada fariasi massa untuk logam Cd, Cu dan Cr diperoleh berat optimum optimum 2,5 g dengan daya serap masing-masing logam adalah  Cd 0,31 mg/g, Cu 0,31 mg/g, dan Cr 0,31 mg/g, Variasi konsentrasi ion logam Cd dan Cu dan Cr dengan daya serap adsorpsi mencapai kondisi optimum pada daya serap adsorpsi mencapai kondisi optimum pada konsentrasi konsentrasi 2 mg/L dengan daya serapan masing-masing logam adalah Cd 0,19 mg/g, Cu 0,19 mg/g dan Cr 0,19 mg/g. Penyerapan optimum logam Cd, Cu dan Cr dengan massa adsorben 1 g adalah mengadsorpsi Cd 0,7981 mg/g, Cr 0,7995 mg/g sementara untuk logam Cu 0,755 mg/g.

This study aims to determine whether the cellulose result of isolation compounds from corn cobs can adsorb heavy metals Copper (Cu) and Cadmium (Cd), as well as to determine the ability of adsorption of cellulose result of isolation. The type of this research is experimental research in chemical laboratory. The method used is quantitative research. The sample used in this research is corn cob waste. The cellulose isolation stage of the corn cob consists of dewaxing, dehemicellulose, delignification and bleaching. Cellulose characterization through water content test, ash content, pH, solubility test, and using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) instrument, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The cellulose result of isolation was used as a heavy metal adsorbent of Cu and Cd using atomic absorption spectrometry. Based on the results of the research, it is found that cellulose result of isolation from corn cobs has the ability to absorb Cu and Cd heavy metals with adsorption capacity of Cu and Cd is 68.20 and 95,98 mg.L-1.g-1