The need to understand local HIV epidemics and linking the prevention and other interventions to evidences become very important for the success of HIV response. The objective of the study was to estimate the distribution of new HIV infections among adult population (15-49 yrs) and to identify the groups at highest risk of HIV infection in Nasarawa State Nigeria to inform HIV prevention programme planning and Implementation. The study was based on the Modes of HIV Transmission (MOT) incidence model recommended by the Joint United Nation's Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS). Persons aged 15-49 years were divided into independent groups based on their risky behaviours. Demographic, epidemiological and behavioral data were obtained for each risk group from available survey reports/documents and inputed into the UNAID's MOT Model spreadsheet.The model estimated that more than 45% of new infections would occur amongst persons who reported "low risk" sex. The Injecting Drug Users, Female Sex Workers (FSW) and Men having Sex with Men and their partners were estimated to contribute 20.7%. Persons reporting low risk sex practices, a sub-population that includes cohabiting or married sexual partners need to be targeted with appropriate HIV prevention interventions such as HIV Counselling and Testing, condom promotion, Interpersonal communications and other partner reduction strategies.

Introduction: Long client waiting time is a characteristic of poor performance of the health care delivery and is a major challenge for healthcare services all over the world, especially in developing countries. The study was aimed at developing a model that optimizes performance of the general outpatient department of the

Background: Malaria manifests with life-threatening manifestations resulting in hospital admissions and sometimes death may ensue. This is more devastating among children due to high susceptibility resulting from impaired immune system following severe malaria. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection with malaria further compromises the immune system and increases the vulnerability. The effect of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in curtailing malaria has not being well evaluated in our environment where both malaria and HIV are endemic. This study sets out to determine the magnitude of asymptomatic malaria among HIV-infected children and adolescents receiving care at our facility. Study Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A prospective study among HIV-infected children aged 2–18 years was enrolled in our care. Nonprobability convenience sampling was used to recruit individuals who fulfilled the criteria. Questionnaire and patients' medical records were used to gather some data. A sample was taken for malaria parasite microscopy. The analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Categorical variables were presented as percentages and association assessed using Chi-square test, whereas continuous variables were presented as mean and standard deviation, and the association between two means was checked using Student's t-test. Results: The mean age of the study population is 7.02 ± 2.97 years. Of the 420 participants in this study, 92 (45.7%) had confirmed malaria. There was no significant difference in the gender, age groups, and viral loads of patients with malaria. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of malaria coinfection with HIV in this study.