Purpose- This study was aimed to throw light on the appraisal and reward system, and its effects on job satisfaction and employee performance in the banking sector of Pakistan.  Design/Methodology-  The research was based on primary data collected from the two major cities of Pakistan, Lahore and Kasur. A total of 250 structured questionnaires were rotated to Islamic and conventional banks in different parts of both cities. Out of these 222 questionnaires were returned and were in usable form. The data so collected was analyzed with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). statistical techniques such as regression analysis, correlation analysis, descriptive analysis and t-test were used.  Findings- The results of the study revealed that appraisal was negatively correlated while the reward system was positively correlated to employee performance.  Practical implications- This research will help banks in reviewing their policies to make optimum use of their employees to meet certain goals of the bank. This research reveals that the appraisal system of the bank is affecting negatively on employees performance. This study will help in developing criteria which will help managers to appraise the employees in an effective way.

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By starting from the one-parameter Modified Borel-Tanner distribution proposed recently in the statistic literature, we introduce the zero-inflated Modified Borel-Tanner distribution. Additionally, on the basis of the proposed zero-inflated distribution, a novel zero-inflated regression model is proposed, which is quite simple and may be an interesting alternative to usual zero-inflated regression models for count data. The parameters of the proposed model are estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation technique. To check the potentiality of the zero inflated Modified Borel-Tanner regression, an application to the count of infected blood cells is taken. The results suggest that the new zero inflated Modified Borel-Tanner regression is more appropriate to model these count data than other familiar zero-inflated (or not) regression models commonly used in practice.

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Birds exhibit a wide variety of behaviors including foraging behavior which could vary both inter- and intra-specifically. The current study was aimed to investigate different aspects of the foraging behavior of birds in different fields situated at the Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore. The said campus covers an area of about 721 ha and has a stable ecosystem which supports a diverse range of birds. Three fields were selected for study purposes. The first field (F1) was characterized by dense vegetation. The second field (F2) contained relatively less vegetation and the third field (F3) was situated near the premises containing the hostel and the shopping center. Observations were recorded during December 2019 for a week at morning (0800-0900 h) and evening (1500-1600 h) times. The observations were based on the assumptions that an abundant availability of food will increase the stay time and vice versa. Moreover, number of pecks by birds also correlate with stay time. A total of 10, 8 and 5 bird species were observed in the above mentioned three fields, that is, F1, F2 and F3, respectively. Different patterns of bird frequency, pecking rate and search time were observed in all fields at morning and evening times which could be associated with the nature of the microhabitat, vegetation, predator risk, food availability, group size and various environmental factors such as temperature. Spearman’s correlation revealed a significant (p < 0.01) association between search time and number of pecks of birds in all three fields.