The objective of the present study was to study equilibrium isotherm for the sorption of Nickel ions onto coal fly ash. In this study, BET adsorption isotherm was found to be best fitted among  Langmuir, Freundlich, BET, Temkin and Harkins Jura adsorption isotherms using lest square fit method. The best fit adsorption isotherm   is assessed by the linear coefficient of determination (R2) and non-linear Chi-square test. The theoretical value of qe calculated from the best fit linear equation of each adsorption isotherm and the experimental values of qe (0.08) are plotted against Ce, to compare the experimental and Theoretical value of qe.

In the present study the adsorption of nickel ions on the surface of fly ash was investigated. The batch adsorption experiments were performed at constant room temperature 25±1

In the present investigation, 3-D finite element modelling is carried out to predict the penetration depth and residual velocity of a projectile impacting a target. For the purpose of numerical simulation, target is a concrete slab of planar dimension 5 m × 4 m with an unconfined compressive strength of 50 MPa. This target is considered to be part of protective structure like bunker buster slab. The explicit algorithm of ABAQUS/Explicit® is employed in the simulation of projectile impact. The projectile is modelled as a rigid body and the concrete slab as a deformable body using Lagrangian formulation. The energy dissipation, penetration depth and residual velocities of the projectile impacting at different velocities are compared with the empirical equation as available by simulating a real impact scenario numerically. Investigation is carried out over a wide range of impacting velocities under sub-hydrodynamic range.