We associate with the Grassmann algebra a topological algebra of distributions, which allows the study of processes analogous to the corresponding free stochastic processes with stationary increments, as well as their derivatives. MCS classes: 30G35, 15A75

Uncertainty relations play a crucial role in quantum mechanics. Well-defined methods exist for the derivation of such uncertainties for pairs of observables. Other approaches also allow the formulation of time-energy uncertainty relations, even though time is not an operator in standard quantum mechanics. However, in these cases, different approaches are associated with different meanings and interpretations for these relations. The one of interest here revolves around the idea of whether quantum mechanics inherently imposes a fundamental minimum duration for energy measurements with a certain precision. In our study, we investigate within the Page and Wootters timeless framework how energy measurements modify the relative "flow of time'' between internal and external clocks. This provides a unified framework for discussing the subject, allowing us to recover previous results and derive new ones. In particular, we show that the duration of an energy measurement carried out by an external system cannot be performed arbitrarily fast from the perspective of the internal clock. Moreover, we show that during any energy measurement the evolution given by the internal clock is non-unitary.

We begin a study of Schur analysis in the setting of the Grassmann algebra, when the latter is completed with respect to the 1-norm. We focus on the rational case. We start with a theorem on invertibility in the completed algebra, and define a notion of positivity in this setting. We present a series of applications pertaining to Schur analysis, including a counterpart of the Schur algorithm, extension of matrices and rational functions. Other topics considered include Wiener algebra, reproducing kernels Banach modules, and Blaschke factors.

The operational approach to time is a cornerstone of relativistic theories, as evidenced by the notion of proper time. In standard quantum mechanics, however, time is an external parameter. Recently, many attempts have been made to extend the notion of proper time to quantum mechanics within a relational framework. Here, we use similar ideas combined with the relativistic mass-energy equivalence to study an accelerating massive quantum particle with an internal clock system. We show that the ensuing evolution from the perspective of the particle’s internal clock is non-Hermitian. This result does not rely on specific implementations of the clock. As a particular consequence, we prove that the effective Hamiltonian of two gravitationally interacting particles is non-Hermitian from the perspective of the clock of either particle.

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