Objective: To compare the occurrence of hypocalcemia in patients undergoing subtotal and total thyroidectomy. Study Design: Comparative prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Surgical departments of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Mar 2018 to Feb 2020. Methodology: A total of 171 patients were selected for this study and they were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 95 patients undergoing Total thyroidectomy whereas group 2 had 76 patients undergoing Subtotal thyroidectomy. It was a comparative prospective study and the groups were made by convenience sampling. The data was analyzed by SPSS-23. Results: In total thyroidectomy group Hypocalcemia was detected after 48 hours in 34 patients (35%) while in subtotal thyroidectomy group hypocalcemia was detected in 20 patients (28%). Tests for hypocalcemia were also done after two months of surgery and low levels were detected in 7 patients (7.5%) who had total thyroidectomy and in 2 patients (5%) in the group undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy. There was no significant difference in hypocalcemia after 48 hour (p=0.22) and 2 months postoperatively (p=0.6) between patients of Total Thyroidectomy and Subtotal Thyroidectomy. Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy is not associated with increased risk of permanent hypocalcemia as compared to Subtotal thyroidectomy. Because of its advantages Total thyroidectomy should be the preferred surgical procedure for patients presenting with benign euthyroid multi nodular goiter.

Background: Laparoscopy has become the highest quality level way to deal with cholecystectomy since its inception 30 years preceding, and is perhaps the most normally performed general surgeries. Pain being a significant issue after laparoscopic cholecystectomy bringing about extended admissions or readmissions. With significant varieties in pain relieving conventions an integrated approach is important to diminish pain. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Bupivacaine as local anesthetic agent at port sites after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Study population of 84 patients was divided into control group (receiving no local anesthetic) and study group (receiving Bupivacaine as local anesthetic). Visual analogue scale was used to quantify and compare pain perceived by each group; at fixed intervals of 6, 12 and 24 hours after shifting of the patients back to the ward. Results: Each group comprised 42 patients. At 6 hours post operative pain score in study group, 4.5±0.32 was significantly lower than in control group, 7.6±0.41 (p<0.05). Though pain assessments at 12 and 24 hours didn’t reveal any significant differences among the two groups; postoperative requirement of Tramadol was significantly (p<0.05) lower in study group (92±0.064mg) in comparison to control group (158±0.21mg). Conclusion: Use of long-acting local anesthetic injections at port sites after laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly lowers pain during first 6 hours post operatively and also lowers narcotic analgesics requirements during post operative period.

Broiler rabbits have a very high potential to improve the community's economy. In addition, rabbits can also be a potential source of animal protein as an alternative food for the community. Peci P'Rama (Home Broiler Rabbit Breeder) is a broiler rabbit farming business initiated in October 2017. The problems of Peci P'Rama in running a broiler rabbit farm, among others: have not carried out the codification/identification of broiler rabbits owned according to standards, and the financial management carried out is not well organized and structured. In solving the problems faced by Peci P'Rama partners, the implementing team designs activity methods for problem-solving: Planning, Analysis, Problem Identification, Design, Implementation, Testing and Integration, Training and Mentoring, Maintenance, Evaluation of the Use of Indonesia's Leading Rabbit Farm Information System (SiNiCi Kudo) Mobile Based. Based on the results of the Sinici Kudo application on the Peci P'Rama rabbit farm, it can be concluded that with the implementation of the Sinici Kudo application on the P'Rama rabbit farm, an increase in rabbit productivity and financial management went well and was recorded neatly.ABSTRAKTernak kelinci pedaging memiliki potensi yang sangat tinggi dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Selain itu, ternak kelinci juga dapat sebagai potensi sumber protein hewani alternatif pengan bagi masyarakat. Peci P’Rama (Peternak Kelinci Pedaging Rumahan) merupakan usaha ternak kelinci pedaging yang dirintis sejak Bulan Oktober Tahun 2017. Permasalahan Peci P’Rama dalam menjalankan peternakan kelinci pedaging, antara lain : belum melakukan kodifikasi/pemberian identitas pada kelinci pedaging yang dimiliki sesuai standar, pengelolaan keuangan yang dilakukan belum tertata dan terstruktur baik. Dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra Peci P’Rama, maka tim pelaksana merancang metode kegiatan untuk penyelesaian permasalahan : Planning, Analisis dan Identifikasi Masalah, Desain, Implementasi, Ujicoba dan Integrasi,  Pelatihan dan Pendampingan, Maintanance, Evaluasi Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Peternakan Kelinci Unggulan Indonesia (SiNiCi Kudo) Berbasis Mobile. Berdasarkan hasil implementasi aplikasi sinici kudo pada peternakan kelinci Peci P’Rama, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan implementasi Aplikasi Sinici Kudo pada peternakan kelinci P’Rama didapatkan peningkatan produktifitas ternak kelinci dan pengelolaan keuangan berjalan dengan baik dan tercatat dengan rapi.Kata Kunci : ternak kelinci,  Sinici kudo, kodefikasi, Keuangan

Currently, many people have difficulty finding the nearest hospital that can accept the health insurance of the Health Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) and the ignorance of the community whether a hospital can accept BPJS Health or not. This can cause critical problems, especially if the patient's condition requires immediate health action. This problem can be solved with an application that can find the closest distance to BPJS recipient hospitals. One method to find the closest distance that currently has the highest level of accuracy is the Haversine Formula method. Applications made using the Haversine Formula method and based on Location Based Service can find the location of the nearest hospital based on the coordinates of the user's location. In this study, the application built using the Haversine Formula method and Location Based Service was able to find the closest distance from 38 hospitals in the Bekasi Regency area using Google Firebase as a database and Mapbox as a Maps API application. Tests were carried out by comparing the distance of 15 hospitals in 3 different locations, showing that the distance between the application and Google Maps was no more than 0.5 km, in location 1 the distance equation was 99%, location 2 was 97% and location 3 was 96% with an average success rate of 97%.