Purpose: The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of tooth agenesis and the associated skeletal morphology and arch widths in a group of Turkish patients seeking orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods: We designed a retrospective study composed of pre-and post-treatment panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalometric films of 3,341 patients (2,040 females and 1,301 males). Tooth agenesis was evaluated for hypodontia and oligodontia -excluding the third molars-from the orthopantomograms. The significance test for the differences in the skeletal morphology between hypodontia and non-hypodontia patients was performed using the Pearson chi-square and Student t-test. Results: The prevalence of tooth agenesis was 4.6 percent for the Turkish orthodontic patient population. Tooth agenesis was found more frequently in females than in males, although this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The most commonly missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisors, followed by the mandibular second premolars and mandibular central incisors. Intercanine and intermolar widths in the maxillary and mandibular arches were significantly reduced in the hypodontia group compared with the control group (p<0.01). Tooth agenesis was statistically and significantly less in patients with skeletal Class II (p<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in hypodontia patients in the vertical relationship of the jaws (p>0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of tooth agenesis was found to be 4.6 percent for the Turkish orthodontic patient population (hypodontia 4.3% and oligodontia 0.3%), and was found more frequently in females. Intercanine and intermolar widths were significantly reduced in the hypodontia group for both jaws compared with the control group.

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Background/purpose: The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and distribution of developmental anomalies in the permanent teeth of a Turkish orthodontic patient population and determine the relationships between gender and dental anomalies. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was performed using pretreatment dental casts, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral photographs of 3165 Turkish orthodontic patients (1940 females and 1225 males) aged 9e25 years. These patients were analyzed for evidence of four types of developmental anomalies (tooth form, number, position, and structural dental anomalies). Descriptive characteristics of these dental anomalies, including gender, jaws, and sides of the jaw were recorded. The Pearson c 2 test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: In 452 (14.3%) of 3165 orthodontic patients, at least one permanent teeth anomaly was detected. Developmental dental anomalies were found in 15.05% of females compared with 13.06% of males. Impacted teeth were the most frequent dental anomaly (4.55%), followed by hypodontia (4.30%), peg-shaped lateral incisors (2.15%), ectopic eruption (1.52%), and hyperdontia (1.30%). Peg-shaped lateral incisors, hypodontia, oligodontia, transposition, transmigrant canines, ectopic eruption of canines, impacted teeth, and amelogenesis imperfecta were more common in females, whereas macrodontia and hyperdontia were more common in males. However, these differences were not statistically significant except for hypodontia and hyperdontia.

In the literature, little is known about the applicability of this method in Turkish children. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the reliability of Demirjian method of age estimation when used for eastern Turkish children. A retrospective study was performed on a sample of panoramic radiographs taken from 807 healthy eastern Turkish children. The stages of dental maturity of the mandibular left seven permanent teeth for each subject using the eight radiographic dental maturity stages demonstrated by Demirjian were evaluated. A paired t-test was used for statistical analysis. The mean difference between the chronological and dental ages ranged from 0.2 to 1.9 years in girls and from 0.4 to 1.3 years in boys. The differences between the chronological and dental ages were statistically significant in all age groups. The applicability of Demirjian method is not suitable for eastern Turkish population.

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of mesiodens among a group of orthodontic patients in Turkey.Methods:A retrospective study was performed using panoramic radiographs of 3,351 patients ranging in age from 8 to 16 subjected to dental treatment in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Department of Orthodontics (Erzurum, Turkey) between 1996 and 2008. All medical and demographic data (age and sex) were obtained from the files. Descriptive characteristics of mesiodentes, including number, shape, position, complication caused by mesiodens and treatment were recorded. The Chi-squared test was used.Results:Results show that the frequency of mesiodens was 0.3% with the ratio of boys (6 cases) to girls (4 cases) being 1.5:1 and this was not statistically significant (P>.05). Of the 10 children, 8 (80.0%) had 1 mesiodens and 2 (20.0%) had 2 mesiodentes bilaterally to midline. Of the 12 mesiodentes, 8 (66.7%) were fully impacted, 7 (58.3%) in a vertical position and 9 (75.0%) conical shape. The most common complication caused by mesiodens was delayed eruption of the permanent incisors in 4 cases (40.0%).Conclusions:The frequency of mesiodens in Turkish orthodontic patients was found to be 0.3% and more frequently in males with the ratio being approximately 1.5:1. Most of the mesiodentes were in conical shape (75.0%). Sixty-seven percent of the cases were fully impacted.