BackgroundCerebral ischemia is as a result of insufficient cerebral blood flow for cerebral metabolic functions. Resveratrol is a natural phytoalexin that can be extracted from grape's skin and had potent role in treating the cerebral ischemia. Apoptosis, a genetically programmed cellular event which occurs after ischemia and leads to biochemical and morphological changes in cells. There are some useful markers for apoptosis like Bcl-2, bax, and p53. The last reports, researchers verify the apoptosis with early markers like Annexin V.MethodsWe preferred in this experimental study a model of global cerebral infarction which was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion method. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups : sham, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), I/R plus 20 mg/kg resveratrol and I/R plus 40 mg/kg resveratrol. Statistical analysis was performed using Sigmastat 3.5 ve IBM SPSS Statistics 20. We considered a result significant when p<0.001.ResultsAfter administration of resveratrol, Bcl-2 and Annexin levels were significantly increased (p<0.001). Depending on the dose of resveratrol, Bcl2 levels increased, p53 levels decreased but Annexin V did not effected. P53 levels were significantly increased in ishemia group, so apoptosis is higher compared to other groups.ConclusionIn the acute period, Annexin V levels misleading us because the apoptotic cell counts could not reach a certain level. Therefore we should support our results with bcl-2 and p53.

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AIm: To investigate whether carboxymethylcellulose/polyethylene oxide (CMC/PEO) gel has a protective effect against epidural scar formation anterior to the dura following discectomy. mAterIAl and methOds: A barrier gel comprised of CMC and PEO (MediShield) was studied as a material to reduce anterior epidural scar formation in a rabbit laminotomy and discectomy model. After laminotomy and disc puncture, the surgical side was either treated with MediShield or used as a surgical control, as determined by random allocation. Two months after surgery, the animals were euthanized, and their lumbar spines were removed in an en bloc excision for pathological evaluation. Scar formation was evaluated as present or absent. results:The MediShield group contained 12 rabbits, and the control group contained 7 rabbits. Epidural fibrosis was observed in two out of twelve specimens (17%) in the MediShield group and in three of seven (43%) cases in the control group (P=0.305, Fisher's Exact Test).COnClusIOn: Though it was not statistically significant, we observed a difference between the MediShield and control group that favored the MediShield group. The application of the CMC/PEO gel might protect against epidural fibrosis after lumbar discectomy, but its efficacy needs to be investigated in larger experimental trials.KeywOrds: Adhesions, Discectomy, Epidural, Fibrosis, Laminotomy ÖZ AmAÇ: Karboksimetilsellüloz/polietilenoksid (CMC/PEO) jelinin diskektomiyi takiben duranın anteriorundaki epidural skar oluşumuna karşı koruyucu etkisinin olup olmadığının araştırılması. yÖntem ve GereÇler: CMC ve PEO'dan oluşan bariyer jel (MediShield), tavşanlarda laminotomi ve diskektomi modelinde, anterior epidural skar oluşumunu azaltmak için bir alet olarak kullanıldı. Laminotomi ve diskin delinmesinden sonra cerrahi taraf, random bölüştürmelerine bağlı olarak, ya cerrahi kontrol grubu olarak kullanıldı ya da MediShield ile tedavi edildi. Cerrahiden iki ay sonra hayvanlar ötanize edildi ve lomber omurgaları patolojik değerlendirmeleri için en blok eksizyon halinde çıkartıldı. Skar formasyonu var veya yok olarak değerlendirildi.BulGulAr: Kontrol grubunda 7 tavşan vardı ve MediShield grubunu 12 tavşan oluşturdu. Epidural fibrozis kontrol grubundaki yedi olgunun üçünde (%43) mevcut iken MediShield grubundaki on iki örneğin ikisinde (%17) bulundu (P=0,305, Fisher's Exact Test).sOnuÇ: İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamasına rağmen, MediShield ile kontrol grubu arasında MediShield grubu lehine bir fark bulduk. CMC/ PEO jeli uygulamasının lomber diskektomi sonrası epidural fibrozis gelişiminin önlenmesinde pozitif bir etkisi olabilir, fakat bunun daha büyük deneysel çalışmalarla araştırılması gerekir.

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