The Balai Kiyu Indigenous People are the Dayak indigenous people who have long occupied the Meratus mountain region in South Kalimantan. These indigenous people have problems that will threaten their existence. The problem is not internal, but external parties overshadowing communal well-being. This study aims to analyze the threats that will be faced by the Balai Kiyu Indigenous Peoples to their existence and is expected to represent the threats that will be faced by indigenous peoples along the Meratus mountains. Based on the research results obtained, the threat to the existence of the Indigenous Peoples Kiyu Centers among them is, first, the boundaries of indigenous territories so far that has not been authorized by the regional or central government, making them very vulnerable communities. Secondly, the highly educated generation slowly began to abandon local wisdom that had been running for decades from its negative effects. Third, the Omnibus Law Bill on the Labor Copyright Act will clarify that indigenous peoples in the future will only be named, because of the loss of communal ownership rights so far.

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The environmental crisis is getting worse these days, resulting in a debate about the paradigm of natural resource management to emerge. The aspiration for sustainable natural resource management is getting stronger from civil society movements and the wider community. The purpose of this research is to describe eco-populist thoughts and actions in peatland management and to strengthen the position of the eco-populist paradigm as the right paradigm in peatland management. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach, namely research conducted intensively, in detail and in-depth on a problem that is the object of research. The results of this study contribute to a fundamental-philosophical error in peatland management. Promote a sustainable perspective on peatland management based on local knowledge, reinforced by paradigmatic studies. A perspective that harmonizes ecological and human (community) interests. Not a viewpoint that ignores certain subsystems. In natural resource politics, there are at least three paradigms. First, the conservationist paradigm, which places natural resources solely for conservation. Second, the developmentalistic paradigm, which views natural resources as development assets. Third, the eco-populistic paradigm, which is a holistic perspective that humans, flora and fauna and their environment are one ecosystem. The loss of one element shakes the joints of the other component. Peat management is one of the world's highlights today. The critical issue is that climate change is linked to the destruction of peat due to unsustainable management. Until now, peatland management is still dominant with a developmentalism cum conservationist paradigm. So it is necessary to strengthen paradigmatic in sustainable peatland management.

In the last five years, the world's attention has shifted to food security in relation to climate change adaptation and mitigation, particularly in 2008, when food prices skyrocketed, causing famine in Cape Africa and even the Sahel, which is still feeling the effects of this famine in 2012. In the same year, the OHCHR report (the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights) notes the need to safeguard food security and nutrition in the context of Human Rights. A major shift occurred in Indonesian agriculture due to the 1999 eruption of Mount Elanor. A focus on climate influences has been a prominent component of the Indonesian government's policy regarding agriculture for some time. Plant-resistant crops or programs for mitigating climate change take the form of either of these options. Culminating a significant development in policies to secure food security, such as protection of agricultural land, various policies were created to evaluate land use and regulations of the Minister of Agriculture pertaining to guidelines for land use. The study, which was done for a period of six months, has a goal of learning more about the Banjar people's local knowledge on climate change. By collecting data from locals, such as farmers, community leaders, and village heads, who have detailed knowledge about Banjar customs and traditions, and from Banjar people who are selected for the research in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, qualitative methods and collection of local knowledge and local wisdom strategies were employed.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam gerakan pemekaran wilayah Gambut Raya, apa saja alasan yang mendorong pemekaran, apa saja strategi yang dilaksanakan, bagaimana dinamika-dinamika yang terjadi pada gerakan pemekaran wilayah Gambut Raya dan seperti apa fenomena yang dihubungkan dengan teori spiral of silence pada gerakan pemekaran wilayah Gambut Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Dasar penelitian adalah studi kasus atau case study. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yaitu desk review dan penelitian lapangan dengan instrument observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pada gerakan pemekaran wilayah Gambut Raya terdapat keterlibatan dan peran aktif dari pihak elite lokal yang mempunyai karakteristik spiral of silence. Terdapat alasan-alasan yang menjadi mendorong keinginan pemekaran, yakni pelayanan birokrasi, isu pembangunan dan kepadatan penduduk. Strategi yang dilaksanakan adalah melakukan pendekatan dengan sosialisasi terhadap masyarakat dan pendekatan dalam bidang media. Hambatan pada gerakan terbagi menjadi dua, internal dan eksternal, internal berkaitan dengan kondisi internal organisasi pemekaran dan eksternal berkaitan dengan relasi dengan kabupaten induk. Dalam kaitannya dengan teori spiral of silence, media menjadi salah satu kekuatan terbesar gerakan dimana tokoh-tokoh Gambut Raya terlibat langsung dengan pembentukan wacana di media. Terdapat juga bentuk-bentuk simbolisasi penguasaan wacana yang menjadikan pihak elite lokal Gambut Raya memiliki daya tawar sebagai mayoritas dalam pemekaran wilayah.