Objective: The study aims to compare swimmers’ daily sport life changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the pre-restriction restriction periods. Material and methods: Two hundred fifty-one competitive swimmers participated in this study (117 females), aged 12-33 years, who had at least 3-year sport experience. Data were collected via a Google Forms survey. Statistically, before using a parametric test, the assumption of normality was verified using the Shapiro-Wilk test. A paired t-test was performed for one variable. Variables were presented as frequencies and percentages, according to feedbacks received. The Chi-square test was used to compare variables. Resultsː There were no significant differences related to the changes caused by COVID-19 between genders (p>0.05). Statistically significant increase in training frequency, decrease in swimming training sessions, increase in dry-land training sessions, and changes of daily training time periods occurred during restriction compared with the pre-restriction period. Conclusionsː Findings of this study reveal that the swimmers' athletic lives were negatively affected during the restriction period due to COVID-19.

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Objective: Although the number of global studies on swimming has increased, there are still no bibliometric studies in the literature. This study aimed to present a medical perspective by examining scientific articles published in the field of swimming sports with statistical methods. Material and Method: Articles on swimming published between 1980 and 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science database. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. Network visualization maps were used to identify trending topics. Results: A total of 21732 publications were found. 2392 (70.5%) of these publications were articles. The top 3 contributing countries to the literature were USA (462, 19.3%), UK (331, 10.4), and Australia (298, 12.1%). The top 2 most active institutions were Universidade Do Porto (n=93), and Australian Institute of Sport (n=82). The most active journals with the highest number of articles were International Journal of Sports Medicine (n=171), and Journal of Sports Sciences (n=150). According to the average number of citations per article, the top most influential journal was Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology (citation: 51.8). Conclusion: The most studied subjects related to medicine and health in swimming were blood lactate, heart rate, fatigue, shoulder, body composition, anthropometry, oxygen uptake, oxidative stress, disability, energy cost, electromyography, oxygen consumption, physiology, motivation, physical activity, aging, muscle strength, shoulder pain, testosterone, core temperature, and stress. General topics studied in recent years were athletic performance, physiology, stress, strength, disability, paralympic, electromyography, youth, shoulder pain, sports, force, competition, kinetics, adolescent, sport, swimming training, and aging.

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of different training programs on the improvement of motoric and swimming performance prepubescent swimmers. Material and Methods. Forty-five children between the ages of 9 -11 years with at least 2 years of training experiences, participated in the study. Three different [(1) dry-land with elastic resistance band group + swimming (ERB); (2) dry-land without elastic resistance band (DL) + swimming and (3) swimming group (SG) with swimming training alone] training group were formed. And a 12-week training program was implemented thought the study. Biceps, chest, waist, hip, thigh body circumference measurements were taken from all participants. Vertical jump (VJ), flexed-arm strength (FAS), speed, upper body strength (UBS), Standing horizontal jump (SHJ), flexibility, aerobic endurance (AE), balance, and 50 m freestyle swimming (FS) score were tested on the participants. As statistical analysis, normality and homogeneity of variance assumption were checked (Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests, respectively). A non-normal distribution was found. The values of each variable were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and median. The training effects within the groups were evaluated using analyses of Friedman for repeated measures and the level of significance was set at p<0.05 for all tests. Results. There was a significant difference in SHJ, UBS, FAS, speed, and FS score among the assessment times 1-3 and 1-4 in both of ERB and DL training groups (p<0.05). ERB and DL training were significantly effective compared to the SG on VJ, FAS, speed, UBS, and freestyle swimming performance (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study findings showed that DL training more effected relatively on motoric performance.