Background: Childhood obesity is becoming an epidemic globally as well as in Bangladesh. Although several risk factors are identified for overweight or obesity, limited studies have been done in our country. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in Bangladesh. Methodology: It was a cross sectional study done in children, aged 5 to 16 years, attending the Paediatric Endocrine Clinic and Paediatric Outpatient Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 18 months. Overweight and obese children as well as normal weight children were selected after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were classified as case (overweight/obese) and control (normal weight) according to the Center‘s’ for Disease Control and Prevention age and sex specific growth chart. Among a total of 150 children 100 were cases and 50 were controls. Results: Majority of children in both the groups were male. Among cases 77% were obese and 23% were overweight. Analyzing the risk factors, it was found that first issue had 2.66 times, watching TV >3 hr had 4.47 times, breast feeding <6 month had 4.16 times, daily more caloric intake (approx.) had 17.36 times and maternal BMI >24.9 had 2.70 times increased risk to develop obesity. Conclusion: The first issue, excess television watching, lack of exclusive breast feeding, excess calorie intake and having overweight/obese mother had higher risk to develop overweight or obesity in children and adolescents. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (1) :9-14

Background: Since time immemorial, most Asian cultures have practiced baby massage.[1],[2] Studies employing massage alone as a kind of tactile stimulation or massage with some type of vegetable oil revealed the effect of massage on development in preterm newborns.[1] Depending on area availability, several oil-based formulations have been utilized.[2] However, the oils utilized may range from possibly useful to potentially poisonous. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was conducted to observe the preference of different oil types among the caregivers for infant massage. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Out Patient Department of Pediatrics, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was one year, from July 2010 to June 2011. All the mothers/caregivers of infants who attended Pediatric OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford Hospital, Dhaka during the study period were initially selected for this study. Result: The mean ±SD age of the babies was 6.04+3.97 months. The age range of the babies was 8 days-12 months. Fifty-four (37.0%) participant babies were in age group 9-12 months, 52(35.6%) babies in age group 0-4 months and 40(27.4%) in age group 5-8 months. Among the participants 82 (56.9%) babies were male and 62 (43%) babies were female. The male-female ratio is 1.3:1. Majority of the caregivers found no problem with massage oil (94.44%). Rashes developed in 3(2.08%) cases, vomiting in 2(1.39%) cases and fever in 2(1.39%) cases and cold in 1(0.69%) case. Conclusion: The study showed a preference of using mustard oil for oil massage among participants. Most of the infants received oil massage twice or thrice daily.

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare syndrome of multisystem disorder. Almost every system is involved in this disorder having growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, short stature, psychomotor delay and behavioral problems. Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical observations, physical examination, laboratory tests and X-rays; chromosome analysis is usually conducted before a diagnosis is made. DNA testing is helpful for confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. A 10 year old boy presented with short stature, facial dysmorphism, microcephaly, mental retardation and micromelia. DNA analysis revealed heterozygous mutation in NIBPL gene. Patient was counseled about the diagnosis and treatment was given. We reported the case due to rarity of the disease. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :52-54

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Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common causes of chronic childhood disability. CT scan is helpful for identification of structural abnormalities, etiology, categorize the types of brain lesions and planning of intervention in the child with CP. Objective: This study was done to find relationship between types of CP and CT scan findings of brain. Materials and methods: This cross sectional descriptive study was done among 110 clinically diagnosed CP case from department of Paediatric Neurology & IPNA, BSMMU, during March 2016 to August 2017. Demographic, clinical characteristics & physical examination were done & collected data were recorded. CT scan of brain was done in all cases & all data were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the studied children was 2.6±2.2 years (1 to 14 years). Among them quadriplegic CP were the most common (39.1%), followed by 28.2% cases of hemiplegic CP, 16.4% were of mixed type, 7.3% were diplegic. Most common finding on CT scan of brain was cerebral atrophy (62.7%), followed by encephalomalacia (15.5%), calcification (13.6%), and brain malformations (11.8%). Abnormal CT scan findings were found in 88.2% of studied children. Children with hemiplegic CP had brain atrophy in 87% of cases, calcification was found mostly in quadriplegic CP. Brain malformation was found mostly in mixed type of CP. Conclusion: Most common CT scan finding was brain atrophy and commonly found in hemiplegic CP. Encephalomalacia and calcifications were commonly found in quadriplegic CP. Brain malformation were commonly found in mixed type of CP. BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (2) : 67-73