Background: Tobacco smoking is a direct cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Five million people die from smoking-related diseases every year in the world. If there is no change, then in the next 3 to 40 years the number of deaths and disabilities due to smoking will increase. This study aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of peers on smoking behavior in adolescents, with a primary study conducted by previous authors. Subjects and Method:This study uses a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO, population: adolescents. Intervention: having smoking friends. Comparison: has no smoking friends. Outcome: smoking habit. The articles used were obtained from several databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, SpingerLink and Science Direct from 2014 to 2020. The search keywords for the article were "smoking behavior OR "smoking activity" AND "adolescent" AND "friend smoking status". The inclusion criteria for research articles were full-text articles using a crosssectional study design. The subjects of the study were adolescents and the results of the study were smoking habits. Multivariate analysis with Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) to measure the estimated effect. Data were analyzed using the Review Manager application (RevMan 5.3). Results: A total of 9 articles with a total sample of 101,436 people, articles from Bangladesh,

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Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The magnitude of the global spread of COVID-19, and the declaration by the WHO as a public health emergency pandemic, has created an urgent need for rapid diagnosis, vaccines and therapies for COVID-19. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceptions of COVID-19 and vaccination with the Health Belief Model theory approach, one of which is perceived benefit, with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Subjects and Method: This study uses a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO, population: people with an age range of 18-65 years. Intervention: health belief model. Comparison: not health belief model. Outcome: Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine (Perceived Benefit). The articles used were obtained from several databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, MDPI. The article search keywords were "Health Belief Model" AND "vaccination COVID-19" OR COVID-19 vaccine" AND "COVID-19" The inclusion criteria for research articles were full-text articles using a cross-sectional study design, community research subjects with a range of aged 18-65 years, with the result of the study being receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine (Perceived Benefit) after which a multivariate analysis was carried out with adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). Data were analyzed using the Review Manager application (RevMan 5.4). Results: A total of 9 cross-sectional studies involving 31,055 vaccine recipient communities spread across Bangladesh, China, South Asia, Hong Kong and Malaysia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed that a person with a high level of confidence in the benefits of the vaccine had a major influence on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine as much as 3.96 times compared to someone with no confidence in the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine (aOR = 3.97; CI 95 % = 2.62 to 6.02; p < 0.001). Conclusion:People with a high level of confidence in the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine can increase the impact of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.

Background: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared an outbreak of a new coronavirus (COVID-19) as a global pandemic. In responding to the threat of the COVID-19 virus pandemic, policymakers have implemented a policy lockdown that can cause psychological distress, one of which is anxiety. This study aims to examine the effect of the policy lockdown on anxiety in adults using a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis was performed by searching for articles from the database, namely PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and Crossref. The keywords used are "Anxiety" AND "Adult" AND "COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "Lockdown" OR "Movement Restriction" OR "quarantine" OR "shutdown". The inclusion criteria in this study were full-text articles with a crosssectional design, in English, published in the period 2019-2021. Analysis of the article using RevMan 5.3. Results:Four articles were analyzed. The results of the meta-analysis showed that anxiety in adults with the implementation of the policy lockdown was 1.94 times more at risk than those who did not implement the policy lockdown, but it was not significant in increasing anxiety in adults (aOR= 1.94; 95% CI= 0.79 to 4.74; p= 0.150). Conclusion:Anxiety in adults with the implementation of the policy is lockdown more at risk than those who have not implemented the policy lockdown, but it is not significant in increasing anxiety in adults.