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The growing number of Listeria monocytogenes strains displaying increased tolerance to sanitizers widely applied in the food industry is becoming a problem. The aims of this study were to evaluate the susceptibility of L. monocytogenes isolates from food and food industry environments to sanitizers (benzalkonium chloride, sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid, chlorhexidine) and heavy metals (cadmium chloride), as well as to investigate the presence of the main genes related to efflux pumps. All 82 isolates showed reduced susceptibility to benzalkonium chloride (MIC from 16 to 128 µg.mL−1), sodium hypochlorite (MIC of ≥ 2048 µg.mL−1), and peracetic acid (MIC from 512 to ≥ 2048 µg.mL−1), while 22 isolates showed reduced susceptibility to cadmium chloride (MIC > 70 µg.mL−1). Susceptibility to chlorhexidine was found (MIC from 2 µg.mL−1 to 16 µg.mL−1). PCR-based analysis revealed that mdrl and lde genes were harbored by 14.6% (12/82) and 40.2% (33/82) of the isolates, respectively. This study demonstrates the presence of L. monocytogenes from food and food industry environments with reduced susceptibility to sanitizers commonly used in food processing environments, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring of the tolerance profile of this microorganism to sanitizers, as well as the need for strict control of sanitation conditions in food industries.

Studies have shown that drinks containing Ilex paraguariensis extract can promote many benefits in animals and in humans. The present study aimed to evaluate in vivo effects of Ilex paraguariensis extract on metabolic profile, obesity prevention and expression of genes related with adipogenesis and lipogenesis in Wistar female rats fed a high-fat diet. For this experiment 32 Wistar female rats with normal weight were used and randomly separated into four groups: diet (standard or high-fat) and treatment (water or Ilex paraguariensis extract) for 34 days. The rats receiving Ilex paraguariensis extract had lower body weight compared to the control group in both diets. Likewise, there was a reduction in triglycerides in the groups fed high-fat diet and treated with Ilex paraguariensis extract. The creatinine levels were lower in the groups treated with Ilex paraguariensis and in high-fat diet. Ot was observed an increased liver gene expression for Fas and Scd1 in the group treated with hyperlipid diet + Ilex paraguariensis. Ot can be concluded that Ilex paraguariensis extract decreased body weight gain in both control and high-fat diets, reduced plasma triglycerides and creatinine levels and increased liver expression of genes related to lipogenesis.

This study aimed to analyze the effects of Goji Berry extract (GB, Lycium barbarum) gavage administration on liver tissue oxidative stress in Wistar rats as well as to identify and quantify the content of the major bioactive compounds of the fruit. Four diets were applied: SW -standard diet + water; SG -standard HIGHLIGHTS• L. barbarum promote the increase in catalase enzyme activity in the liver of rats.• L. barbarum increase mRNA expression of catalase enzyme in the liver of rats.• L. barbarum extract produced a significant oxidation decrease in the liver of rats.• L. barbarum extract has a significant amount of bioactive compounds.