The aim of this paper is to present valuable features of sweet cherry cultivars with different maturation ages of the fruits approved at RSFG Iasi between 2017 to 2021. Due to its fruits ripening age being earlier than other fruit-growing species (beginning with May), the cherry represents the first link in the annual chain of fruits production. Analysing the bloom phenophase, it was noticed that the cultivars Margonia and Croma bloom period was about two weeks later than the other cultivars. The maturation age of the fruits was spread over 57 days, starting on May the 21st for cultivar 'Cătălina', ending on July 16th for cultivar 'George'. Statistically, in terms of fruits weight (g) and equatorial diameter (mm), cultivars 'Alexus' (9.4 g and 26.6 mm), 'Elaiaşi' (8.8 g and 25.4 mm), 'Croma' (8.0 g and 24.2 mm), 'Maria' (7.8 g and 23.7 mm) and 'Tereza' (7.8 g and 25.4 mm) were highlighted with superior significant differences in comparison with the control cultivar 'Van' (7.4 g and 25.2 mm). In terms of the fruits content in soluble dry substance, cultivars 'Tereza' (19.2%), 'Alexus' (18.6%), 'Maria' (17.8%) and 'Cătălina' (17.8%) recorded superior significant values in comparison with the control cultivar 'Van' (17.7%). All the studied cultivars presented superior resistance to the fruits cracking phenomenon in comparison with the control cultivar 'Van' (41.8%) recording values below 16%.

The soil and climate conditions in Romanian Northeastern area are favorable for cherry cultivation, but some times can occurred some calamities. The paper presents a study which during 2020 at the Research Station for Fruit Growing (N-E of Romania), using five sweet cherry genotypes as research material: ‘Van’, ‘Croma’, ‘Elaiași’, ‘HC920402’, ‘HC930208’. Observations and determinations were performed in regards to the frostdamages, the main growing and phenological stages and the physical and chemical traits of the fruit. The phenological stages were evaluated for beginning of flowering and fruit ripening (expressed in growing degree-days, GDD). For these sweet cherry cultivars, the highest values concerning the fruit’s weight have been recorded for ‘Elaiași’ (9.15 g) and ‘HC920402’ (7.7 g), while fruit’s equatorial diameter have ranged between 23.21 mm and 25.16 mm. The content of soluble dry solids (SDS) was between 14.6 and 20.2 °Brix. The proposed objective aims at introducing in the assortment the new varieties with quality fruits and their resistance to cracking, with ripening time at the extremities of the sweet cherry season.

The paper presents a 2-years study of the valuable characteristics in four foreign apple cultivars grown in northeastern Romania, named Moldavia area. The phenological stages, quality traits of fruits and some chemical parameters were evaluated. Start flowering was determined at April 17th (’Resse’), while end of flowering was identified the period April 27th -28th. Period of flowering was 9 to 12 days as average for studied years 2019-2020. Fruit’s weight have varied between 120.55 g (’Resse’) and 179.46 g (’Remo’), while fruit’s equatorial diameter have varied between 65.82 mm and 74.87 mm at ‘Resse’ and respectively ‘Remo’, but no statistically distinct differences registered between all studied apple cultivars. The values of the soluble dry solids range between 14.65° Brix (‘Resse’) to 17.05° Brix (‘Relinda’), and the total dry solids has recorded values between 17.95% (’Resse’) to 21.39% (‘Remo’). The studied apple cultivars showed variability but some got remarked through large fruit’s size or high level of soluble dry solids.

The biological properties of the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), as well as the physico-chemical characteristics of the fruit were studied for 3 years within RSFG Iași (2018-2020). The investigations were carried out at the Sârca Research Base on six varieties of sweet cherries. These included following the phenological stages (flowering period and fruit ripening period), but also the particularities of the fruit in terms of physical characteristics and biochemical composition. The highest weight of the fruit was recorded in 2020 in the ‘Regina’ cultivar. ‘Regina’ is characterized by an average flowering period, lasting between April 11th and 28th. The earliest cultivar both in terms of flowering and fruit ripening is the ‘Golia’ cultivar. All other varieties have an average fruit ripening period (June 15th-30th). The soluble dry matter content was between 11.29 (‘Hudson’) and 18.61 (‘Maria’). The researches carried out and the results obtained show that the studied varieties presented good results of adaptability in the pedoclimatic conditions in the area of Romania.

The studies were conducted at Research Station for Fruit Growing Iași in the years 2018-2020 on six cultivars of sweet cherry tree (‘Regina’, ‘Kordia’, ‘Hudson’, ‘New Star’, ‘Maria’ and ‘Golia’). The paper presents aspect of vegetative pomological parameters under the environmental factors of Romanian Northeastern area. The average of the precipitation for the three years studied was 475 mm, with a deviation of 43.05 mm from normal with a minimum in 2020 (443.6 mm/year). The average values of the area of the trunk section (TCSA) based on the average of three years of study for the six cherry cultivars recorded values between 67.77 cm2 (‘Maria’) and 121.58 cm2 (‘Regina’), with significant differences between cultivars. The crown volume had maximum values for the ‘Golia’ (4.56 m3/tree) and ‘Regina’ (4.53 m3/tree) cultivar and minimum values for the ‘Maria’ (3.78 m3/tree) and ‘Kordia’ with 3.92 m3/tree. The average of annual shoots and their average length recorded insignificant values among the cultivars studied.