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Alloying yttrium to Co-based alloys has been proven to considerably improve their oxide scales that play an important role in resisting wear at elevated temperatures. In addition to the formation of Y 2 O 3 phase in the oxide scale, the yttrium addition may also change the oxidation mechanism, which could be responsible for many benefits of yttrium to the wear resistance of this alloy at elevated temperatures. In this study, the effect of yttrium on the oxidation behavior of Stellite 21 alloy was investigated and correlated to the changes in microstructure and improvement in properties of the oxide scale formed at 600°C which in turn improved high-temperature wear behavior.

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