Purpose: The ultimate aim of an assessment is to help examiners make valid conclusions about an individual's skill given their performance on a particular measure. However, assessing the language abilities of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) individuals requires researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the appropriateness of traditional parameters of test psychometrics (e.g., reliability, or consistency of assessments as measurement) plus the intersectional identities that inform the generalizability of these parameters. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to provide clinicians and researchers with resources to interpret and use common standardized language assessments in English for CLD school-age youth. We present theories from psychometrics, legal studies, and education relevant to language assessment of diverse individuals, review standardized language assessments in English, and provide theory-to-practice applications of language assessment scenarios. Conclusions: Implementing intersectional approaches in working with diverse children and using assessment scores as just one piece of evidence amid a broader evidence base will contribute to a more accurate evaluation of CLD children's language abilities. A comprehensive approach involving multiple stakeholders across the field of communication sciences and disorders may support achieving such implementation.
Purpose Microaggressions and how they affect underrepresented college students have been frequently documented. However, there is a lack of literature on the experiences of underrepresented communication sciences and disorders (CSD) students. The purpose of this study is to understand how underrepresented post baccalaureate, undergraduate, and graduate students in CSD experience microaggressions in their academic programs. Method A 19-item electronic survey was developed by American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Multicultural Issues Board and distributed via multiple online platforms. A diverse group of 155 underrepresented CSD students completed the survey. A multistage qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze students' experiences. Results Students (64.51%) who completed the survey have experienced microaggressions in their academic programs. Prominent themes of students' descriptions of microaggressions included feelings of otherness, damaging generalization, maltreatment from faculty, and maltreatment from peers. Students reported various responses to microaggressions including identity management strategies, disengaging, and working hard to exceed expectations and to prove themselves. Conclusions This study illustrates the ways that underrepresented CSD students experience symbolic violence from clients, peers, and faculty. It has implications for the need to cultivate more inclusive learning and social environments in CSD programs. Further research is needed to explore the ramifications of microaggressions and ways to effectively reduce and eventually eradicate them. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15240723
Purpose: Meeting the needs of Maya children in U.S. schools requires extensive training. Research is lacking in best practices to support students with intersectional identities. This article provides a roadmap centralized on Maya children's experiences, acknowledging the linguistic diversity of Maya immigrants, their language and cultural practices, and their integration into or exclusion from minoritized and White neighborhoods in the United States to provide a starting point for culturally responsive service delivery. Conclusions: Supporting the needs of Maya children requires an approach that values and recognizes their intersectional identities while developing collaborative relationships with students, families, and educators. Application of the roadmap will support to (a) identify educational obstacles faced by Maya children, (b) integrate translanguaging to support best practices for educational success, and (c) determine service delivery considerations for bilingual/trilingual, multicultural children. More research on the topic is needed to establish evidence-based practice guidelines to utilize a translanguaging pedagogy within speech-language pathology.
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