Today’s world faces a serious public health problem with cancer. One type of cancer that begins in the breast and spreads to other body areas is breast cancer (BC). Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers that claim the lives of women. It is also becoming clearer that most cases of breast cancer are already advanced when they are brought to the doctor’s attention by the patient. The patient may have the evident lesion removed, but the seeds have reached an advanced stage of development or the body’s ability to resist them has weakened considerably, rendering them ineffective. Although it is still much more common in more developed nations, it is also quickly spreading to less developed countries. The motivation behind this study is to use an ensemble method for the prediction of BC, as an ensemble model aims to automatically manage the strengths and weaknesses of each of its separate models, resulting in the best decision being made overall. The main objective of this paper is to predict and classify breast cancer using Adaboost ensemble techniques. The weighted entropy is computed for the target column. Taking each attribute’s weights results in the weighted entropy. Each class’s likelihood is represented by the weights. The amount of information gained increases with a decrease in entropy. Both individual and homogeneous ensemble classifiers, created by mixing Adaboost with different single classifiers, have been used in this work. In order to deal with the class imbalance issue as well as noise, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) was used as part of the data mining pre-processing. The suggested approach uses a decision tree (DT) and naive Bayes (NB), with Adaboost ensemble techniques. The experimental findings shown 97.95% accuracy for prediction using the Adaboost-random forest classifier.
The Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a self-configuring decentralized network, where the network topology is dynamically modifiable. The IoT (Internet of Things) based Wireless Sensor Network contains more sensors and shares information over the Internet to a cloud server. However, the IoT-based wireless sensor network channel has moderate security is poor compared to MANET and packet loss is increased due to attackers. In IoT, all the sensors forward the detected data frequently to the internet gateway, so the energy saving in the network is low compared to MANET. In this work, the smart environment of IoT, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and MANET make a great heterogeneous network in IT Technology; the combination of this heterogeneous network has new challenging issues. In this heterogeneous network, MANET provides a trusted route between the sensor to gateway nodes into the IoT environment using Energy Saving Optimization Techniques [MANET-ESO in IoT]. It saves energy for each node and reduces the economic level. The results of the ns-3 simulation show that the proposed method provides better results in Alive node counts, residual Energy, throughput, packet delivery ratio and routing overhead.
It is a serious global health concern that chronic kidney disease (CKD) kills millions of people each year as a result of poor lifestyle choices and inherited factors. Effective prediction tools for prior detection are essential due to the growing number of patients with this disease. By utilizing machine learning (ML) approaches, this study aids specialists in studying precautionary measures for CKD through prior detection. The main objective of this paper is to predict and classify chronic kidney disease using ML approaches on a publicly available dataset. The dataset of CKD has been taken from the publicly available and accessible dataset Irvine ML Repository, which included 400 instances. ML methods (Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), and Decision Tree (DT) Classifier) are used as base learners and their performance has been compared with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). All ML algorithms are evaluated against different performance parameters: accuracy, recall, precision, and F1-measure. The results indicated that XGBoost outperformed with 98.00% accuracy as compared to other ML algorithms. For policymakers to forecast patterns of CKD in the population, the model put forth in this paper may be helpful. The model may enable careful monitoring of individuals who are at risk, early CKD detection, better resource allocation, and management that is patient-centered.
Розроблено метод ансамблювання нейронних мереж узагальненої регресії для підвищення точності розв'язання задачі прогнозування. Описано базові положення функціонування нейронної мережі узагальненої регресії. На основі цього подано алгоритмічну реалізацію розробленого ансамблю. Аналітично доведено можливість підвищення точності прогнозу із використанням розробленого ансамблю. Із використанням бібліотек мови Python, розроблено програмне рішення для реалізації описаного методу. Проведено експериментальне моделювання роботи методу на реальних даних задачі регресії. Встановлено високу ефективність розв'язання поставленої задачі із застосуванням розробленого методу на основі як середньої абсолютної похибки у відсотках, так і з використанням середньоквадратичної похибки. Здійснено порівняння роботи методу із наявними: апроксимацією поліномом Вінера на основі Стохастичного Градієнтного спуску, нейронною мережею узагальненої регресії та модифікованим алгоритмом AdaBoost. Експериментальним шляхом доведено найвищу точність розв'язання поставленої задачі розробленим методом на основі обох показників точності серед усіх розглянутих у роботі методів. Зокрема, він забезпечує більш ніж на 3,4, 4,3 та 8,3 % (MAPE) вищу точність порівняно із наявними методами відповідно. Розроблений метод можна використовувати для отримання розв'язків підвищеної точності під час вирішення прикладних завдань електронної комерції, медицини, матеріалознавства, бізнес-аналітики та інших. Ключові слова: регресія; генералізаційні властивості; підвищення точності; нейронні мережі узагальненої регресії.
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