ДАННЫЕ ОБ АВТОРАХ Мартыненко Иван Владимирович, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры теории и методики конькобежного спорта Уральский государственный университет физической культуры ул. Орджоникидзе, 1, г. Челябинск, Российская Федерация

Currently, Russian skaters are delivering incredible performances worldwide. In this regard, diverse social groups show increasing interest in this sport. Thus, professionals pay much attention to the coaching for win-win outcomes. It is especially important for single female skaters at the competitions where few hundredths of a point determine results of several participants from Russia, and at the same time dozens of points separate them and skaters from other countries on the podium. The aim of the research is to test the techniques of teaching multi-rotation jumps to female skaters aged 10-11. These techniques are part of training methodology, and they consider harmony, interconnection and versatility of sport training in general. These techniques include special exercises with the use of “Rotator” simulator. Materials and methods of the research. In our research, we used the review and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical processing of the results. The experiment covered two groups of female athletes born in 2007-2008, with 8 people in each group. All the participants came from the «Zvezda» Center of Physical Culture and Sports of the North-Western administrative district of Moscow. Research results and discussion. Participants of the experimental group were performing the developed sets of exercises on general physical training, special physical training (including “Rotator” vestibular simulator) and training on skating rink during six months. The research revealed a significant increase in the technical and physical fitness of the participants of this subgroup. Conclusion. The developed set of “Rotator” simulator exercises, as well as complexes of auxiliary and special training exercises with increasing coordination complexity are effective in teaching multi-rotation jumps to female skaters aged 10-11 compared with the standard exercises performed in the control group.

The article highlights some development trends in women's single figure skating: mastering and stable performance of ultra-c elements at international competitions. It shows competition reliability principles of athletes, as well as their dependence on the characteristics of the sport. Materials. The publication provides graphical demonstration of the study results regarding the influence of weight and height parameters of the world's elite female single figure skaters on their competition reliability in jumps' performance. Research methods. Analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, study of video materials and protocols of official starts, analysis of performances in the pre-Olympic season 2016-2017. Results. It is noted that absolute values of height and weight do not have an impact on stability of multi-turn jumps' performance. Only body mass index, showing the degree of fit between an individual's weight and height, affects the reliability of multi-turn jumps' performance. The results are obtained from the analysis of video materials and protocols of the official competitions. In addition, the article presents basic performance requirements of multi-turn jumps in competition programs for female single figure skaters. Skating architectonics and expressive components of the competition program are considered. Conclusion. The results of the research prove that success at official competitions depends on many factors, including the quality and quantity of complex jumps performed, as well as their location in a certain part of the skating program.

The article presents the results of the study concerning the adaptation of a speedskater's body to intense physical exertion during certain intervals of a one-year macrocycle. The study involved athletes belonging to the "youth" age category (14-15 years old), training at all distances of allround events (500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 3000 m), as well as male sprinters and male all-rounders of 20-26 years old specializing in running short (500 m, 1000 m) and long distances (1500 m, 3000 m and 5000 m) respectively. The article shows that the analysis of certain biochemical blood parameters, in particular hormones and metabolites, in the presence of hyperkinetic stress during the training activity of sprinters and all-rounders at the general preparatory stage, allows minimizing negative consequences in the form of fatigue. The article indicates that the competent management of maladaptive processes in speed skating at the beginning of a one-year macrocycle determines a qualitative increase in sports results in the future.