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Background Distraction techniques are effective methods for the treatment of craniosynostoses when a significant gain of an intracranial volume is required. However, this technique raises some challenges at different stages of the treatment. While installing the distractors in patients with thin calvarial bone, there is a risk of dural damage from the titanium screws. The need for wide exposure of the devices and the screws during removal causes soft tissue damage and bleeding. Objective This study aimed to evaluate sonic pin use in the distraction procedures. Methods Resorbable sonic pins were used in 11 consecutive posterior cranial vault distraction procedures to attach distraction devices to the calvarial bone. Results This method allowed for a less traumatic and faster removal of the devices without the risk of leaving foreign bodies in the wound. In three out of 11 cases on follow-up, displacement of proximal distractor footplate and partial relapse of distraction were detected. Though there was a smaller volume increase in these patients, all of them benefited clinically from the PCVD and did not require reoperations. Conclusions This method allows a strong and stable attachment of the distractor devices to the cranial vault bones with a reduced risk of dural tears due to the screws. It also allows for easier and less traumatic device removal.

Posterior cranial vault distraction is an effective technique when a significant increase in the intracranial volume is required in patients with craniosynostoses. This technique has been proven to be safe and time saving and usually is associated with low perioperative morbidity as well as low intraoperative bleeding. Herein a technique is presented starting from the preoperative planning, describing the surgical steps of the operation and the postoperative distraction protocol used by the authors. The authors present important tips and tricks aiming to minimise complications and undesired events.

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The article compares Сarl Friedrich Lauckhardt's Illustrated Book for Observation and Instruction (Leipzig 1857–1860) with John Amos Comenius’s Orbis sensualium pictus (Nuremberg 1658) and Konstantin Ushinsky’s Children's World and Reader (St. Petersburg 1861). The main line of comparison regards the ways one phenomenon – the city – was presented in the three books. The authors inquire into the ways Lauckhard, Comenius and Ushinsky viewed and demonstrated to children the city and the urban in general as opposed to the village and the countryside. The comparison comprises practices presented as constituting the urban life; points of view the textbook authors chose to see and to show the city "from within" and "from without", and whether the concepts of the urban changed over time and space like the contents of educational literature did.