Congenital muscular torticollis: ultrasonographic evaluationCongenita muscular tolicollis is a pathological cond : tion that presents in newborn and you^c infants, characterized bv morphological crd functional changes of the s'e'nocieidoTiastoid muscle, usually assocated with â eck mass and head deviation. Although its cause is not well known, it has oeen re.ated to trauma and obstruction "o venous drainage of the affecfed muscles, secondary' to local compression of neck sof* tissues during ce ivery. Torticollis leave permanent sequelae "f it is not medically treated. High resolution ultrasonocraohy has proven useful in the evaluarion of neck masses in children It shows c chcrac'erisnc swelling of sternocleiaomastoid muscle and a relatively well def : ned solid mass within "t in patients with congenital muscular torticollis. The purpose of this report is to describe an experience in 20 parents wrh clinical one ul'rasonograohic r octs of congenital muscular torticollis. They ail did clin'cally well and did rot need any fyrher inaging studes. We strongly recommend ubasonographic studies h patients with clinically suspected of congenital muscular torticol is.[Keywords: torticollis, congenital, uitrasonog-aphy.)La torticolis muscular congenita (TMC) o fibromatosis colli es una condici6n pato!6gica caracterizada por cambios morfo!6gicos y funcionales de los musculos esiernocleidomastoideos, que afecta aproximadamente entre 0,08% y 0,4% de los recien nacidos en dos distintas series 1^. Con mayor frecuencia se manifiesta clfnicamente alrededor de la lercera semana de vida por una masa cervical -que puede ser dolorosa-o por inclinacion de la cabeza hacia el lado afectado. Su etiopatogenia aun no ha sido precisada. Es mas frecuente en asociacion con parto trauma~tico, habitualmente con el uso de forceps o en presentacion podalica o en primf-. Su evoluci6n clinica es generalmcnte benigna, con regresi6n de la masa turn oral cervical y de la inclinacidn de la cabeza 4 , pero puede dejar secuelas permanentes si no se trata medicamente 4 -5 . La ultrasonograffa tiene alto rendimiento en el estudio de las masas cervicales en el nino,
Intestinal obstruction caused by an obturator hernia. Report of one caseWe report a 76 years old female presenting in the emergency room with a history of abdominal pain lasting seven days. A plain abdominal X ray showed few fluid filled loops. Due to persistence of pain and appearance of vomiting, an abdominal CAT scan showed a short bowel obstruction caused by an obturator hernia. The patient was operated, correcting the defect with a mesh. The postoperative evolution was uneventful.Key words: Obturator hernia, intestinal obstruction, elderly. ResumenLa hernia obturatriz es una rara causa de obstrucción intestinal, se presenta en pacientes mujeres adultos mayores, desnutridos y postrados; se asocia a una elevada mortalidad por los antecedentes mórbidos de los pacientes y al bajo índice de sospecha. Se recomienda el uso de la tomografía axial computada como técnica de elección para el diagnóstico en pacientes con sospecha clínica. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso clínico de una paciente con hernia obturatriz que consultó en nuestro servicio de urgencia y se solicitó tomografía de abdomen y pelvis para completar estudio que requirió laparotomía exploradora ante el cuadro clínico y los hallazgos imagenológicos.Palabras clave: Hernia obturatriz, obstrucción intestinal.
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