Metalni oksidi su netoksični spojevi koji se upotrebljavaju kao praškasti dekontaminanti, jednostavni su za primjenu i skladištenje te imaju vrlo visok površinski kapacitet. Metalni oksidi, posebno u nanoformi pokazuju odlična fizisorpcijska i kemisorpcijska svojstva za sorpciju toksičnih spojeva uključujući bojne otrove i njihove imitante. Iako se istražuju sorpcijska i dekontaminacijska svojstva mnogih metalnih oksida, najveću komercijalnu iskoristivost pokazali su magnezijev, aluminijev i titanijev oksid. Neki metalni oksidi u nanoformi pokazuju svojstvo destruktivne adsorpcije, što je vrlo interesantno u istraživanju pogodnosti metalnih oksida u svrhu dekontaminacije bojnih otrova i opasnih zagađivala uključujući kemijske, biološke i radiološke tvari. Uz metalne okside istražuju se i metalni kationi kao dopanti drugim metalnim oksidima i zeolitima u svrhu poboljšanja sorpcijskih svojstava dopaniranih spojeva.

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Detection of chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals is very important for security forces. For a long time it has been based on colorimetric chemistry, and only the development of electronics has made the automation and miniaturisation of chemical detection possible. At the end of the 20 th century, automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology (IMS), began to appear on the market. Nowadays, colorimetric detectors are increasingly being used again due to their excellent selectivity and low cost, and new chromogenic reagents are being developed. On the other hand, the development of IMS detectors is focused on the use of an asymmetric field since it allows smaller dimensions and greater sensitivity of the detector. In this paper, besides commercially available chemical detectors based on colorimetry and ion mobility spectroscopy techniques, an overview of scientific research focused on further development of these technologies with the goal of increasing selectivity and sensitivity is given.

Shortly after introduction of commercial automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology, at the end of 20 th century field devices using other chemical detection techniques (FTIR, Raman, GC-MS, surface acoustic wave, photoacoustic, electrochemical, biosensor and others) were developed. Among these techniques, portable GC-MS detectors provide very reliable qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis, but high cost of these devices, the complexity of operating with them and the complexity of sample preparation for analysis present a problem. Some chemical detection technologies cannot be used for the development of a reliable hand-held chemical detector, and not a single technique, for the time being, allows the development of a universal chemical detector. A potential solution is the development of a multi-sensor device that compensates negative sides of each of the sensors. This paper provides an overview of commercially available chemical detectors based on new generation detection technologies and an overview of scientific research focused on further development of detection with simpler, more reliable and preferably cheaper solutions is given.