Recebido:xx xxxxxx xxxx Aceito: xx xxxxx xxxx Identificação da fração antimicrobiana do extrato da Mimosa tenuiflora ResumoNa pesquisa de moléculas e compostos antifúngicos com baixa periculosidade, faz-se relevante a ação inespecífica destes, pois há possibilidade de se tornarem inativos devido ao desenvolvimento de resistência. Com o objetivo de aumentar as alternativas para o controle de Curvularia inaequalis e Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, cascas de M. tenuiflora foram coletadas e processadas para a obtenção do extrato aquoso, que em seguida foi fracionado através de cromatografia em coluna, cromatografia em camada delgada, e analisado através de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), para identificação dos compostos ativos. Com as fases obtidas, realizaram-se testes de germinação com C. inaequalis. Na fase "um" foi identificada a presença dos flavonoides catequina e apigenina. Essa fase apresentou atividade de degradação ou inibição da formação da camada de quitina de C. inaequalis e as outras fases não mostraram atividade nas concentrações avaliadas. A catequina também apresentou inibição da germinação de C. inaequalis. Quando avaliado o extrato bruto sobre a germinação de C. gloeosporioides, todas as concentrações foram eficientes na inibição da germinação, sendo que a partir de 4 mg.mL -1 a inibição foi de 100%. A fase "um" e a catequina inibiram a germinação de C. inaequalis e o extrato bruto inibiu, de forma semelhante à fase "um", a germinação de C. gloeosporioides. Palavras-chave: Antifúngicos, Compostos ativos, Flavonoides Identification of the antimicrobial fraction of Mimosa tenuiflora extract AbstractIn the search of molecules and antifungal compounds with low hazard, it is important the compound inespecific action, since there is a possibility of inactivity due to the resistance development. In order to increase the alternatives for the Curvularia inaequalis and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides control, husks of M. tenuiflora were collected and processed for obtaining the aqueous extract, which was then fractionated by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), aiming the identification of active compounds. After obtaining the phases, germination tests were carried out with C. inaequalis. The phase "one" showed the presence of flavonoids catechin and apigenin. This phase presented degradation or inhibition of chitin layer formation in C. inaequalis and the other phases presented no activity for the evaluated concentrations. Catechin also presented inhibition of C. inaequalis germination. For the evaluation of the effect of crude extract on C. gloeosporioides germination, all concentrations were effective in inhibiting germination, and when 4 mg.mL -1 or higher concentrations were used, the inhibition was 100%. The phase "one" and the catechin inhibit the C. inaequalis germination and the crude extract inhibited, similarly to phase "one", the germination of C. gloeosporioides.

BackgroundLeonotis nepetifolia (Family Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant from which the flavonoid cirsiliol with sedative, hypnotic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity has been extracted.MethodsSeedlings were cultivated under different levels of shade in native or fertilized modes. The content of cirsiliol was measured monthly by high-performance liquid chromatography and the total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Monitoring of growth was carried out with the weekly measurement of height until the stabilization of growth.ResultsThe application of fertilizing and/or shading does not alter significantly the cirsiliol content. However, this content varies throughout the year, reaching the peak production in the summer, independently of the treatment applied. This same profile, with production in the summer, was also verified for phenolic compounds, reaching 58.15 ± 9.35 mg of equivalents of gallic acid per g of extract in the summer, content 1.84 times greater than the content verified in winter (31.56 ± 4.09 mg of gallic acid/g of extract). Although shading and fertilizing had no effect on cirsiliol content, the results also showed a positive influence on the height and biomass of the plant, which can causes a higher yield of extractable material.DiscussionBiotic and abiotic stresses are able to increase or decrease the production of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds in medicinal plants and, as the stress response is peculiar to each species, cultivation studies become necessary. The present study reports by the first time the influence of shading, fertilizing and seasons in cirsiliol content in L. nepetifolia. Among analyzed variables, the seasons showed a larger influence in expression of cirsiliol and among seasons, our results showed that the summer is the ideal season for collections. In summer, the photoperiod is larger than in other seasons of the year and due to that, the plants need greater protection against the long photoperiod. For this, the plants increase the production of phenolic compounds as observed in this study. Although they do not influence the production of cirsiliol, the shading and nutrients in soil favor growth and leaf area of several plants, explaining, thus, the higher height and biomass obtained.

-Peach is much appreciated by consumers and its popularity is mainly related with organoleptic characteristics. However, with emergence of concepts of functional foods (health promoters), there is high interest to study and to quantify the biochemical components of fruits. The aim of this work was to perform the biochemical characterization of peach genotypes, evaluating the genetic diversity and selecting those with desirable biochemical qualities for use as parents in future breeding programs. The experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology -UTFPR -Campus of Dois Vizinhos, PR (Brazil), with fruits from 26 and 29 peach genotypes (Prunus persica) in the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 crop years, respectively. The experimental design was entirely randomized, considering each genotype as treatment, using four replicates and four fruits per plot. Total and reducing sugars, total proteins, amino acids, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity (PAL) in fruits were evaluated. According to the results of two crop years, 'Cascata 967', 'Conserva 985', 'Kampai', 'Tropic Snow' and 'Cascata 1055' were selected as those with the highest levels of these compounds. Index terms: biochemical compounds, genetic divergence, Prunus persica. SELEÇÃO DE GENÓTIPOS DE PESSEGUEIRO QUANTO