The effects of the synthetic insecticide Eforia 043 ZK (thiamethoxam+lambdacyhalothrin), applied alone and at 1/5 and 2/5 reduced doses in a mix with the mineral oil Akarzin, on Tychius flavus Beck. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Adelphocoris lineolatus Goeze (Hemiptera: Miridae), Acyrthosiphon pisum Harr. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), harmful thrips (Thysanoptera) and cicadas (Hemiptera: suborder Auchenorrhyncha) were studied. The efficacy of Eforia (applied alone and in reduced doses) was significantly higher against A. pisum, followed by A. lineolatus and harmful thrips, compared to cicadas. The insecticidal action of Akarzin had a better protective effect against A. pisum, followed by A. lineolatus, in comparison with thrips and cicadas. Combined application of the broad-spectrum insecticide Eforia provided good control against insect pests. The mix of Eforia's reduced 1/5 dose with the mineral oil showed the highest toxicity throughout the reporting period. Eforia applied at the reduced dose of 2/5 with Akarzin followed in efficacy. A synergistic effect was observed in combinations and was defined as subadditive synergism. Reduced dosage of Eforia and decrease in negative environmental impact of the plant protection products is a friendly approach to integrated pest control. It is important to apply innovative formulations of plant protection products that are safer both for plants and the environment.

The effects of the biological insecticides Madex and Agricolle, applied alone or in combination with the biological fertilizers Lithovit and Nagro, on chemical composition and enzyme in vitro digestibility, as well as energy feeding value of alfalfa dry mass were studied. Treatments were carried out at the beginning of the flowering stage during the second cutting for control of economically important pests, testing a method of organic pest control. Independent and combined applications of several biological products were found to influence positively the chemical composition, enzyme in vitro digestibility, and energy and protein nutritional value of alfalfa feed. An optimal combination of decrease in the content of plant cell wall fiber components and a significant increase in forage enzyme in vitro digestibility was revealed after the application of Agricolle and a combination of Agricolle and Nagro. Digestibility reached 60.4 and 59.9%, respectively, which is an increase of 12.0 and 11.0%. Alfalfa low fiber, high protein content, and digestibility made a very good complement to grains and other forages in dairy rations after treatment with biological products.