Abstrak Gempa tektonik dan tsunami adalah dua bencana geologi yang saling berhubungan dalam konteks gempa tektonik bisa memicu tsunami. Upaya mitigasi perlu dilakukan dengan mempelajari relasi antara parameter gempa tektonik dan parameter tsunami. Parameter gempa tektonik dikaji melalui magnitudo gempa bernilai tunggal yang tidak bergantung pada jarak pengamatan dari sumber dan dinyatakan dalam skala . Parameter tsunami dikaji melalui magnitudo tsunami dan elevasi muka laut atau dikenal sebagai amplitudo maksimum tsunami . Fokus penelitian ini adalah relasi antara dan di laut lepas serta kesesuaian estimasi terhadap . Data penelitian ini meliputi tsunami lintas samudera, yaitu 18 kasus trans-Pasifik dan 7 kasus tsunami Indonesia yang diakses bebas melalui laman http://ngdc.noaa.gov dan https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/database_devel.html. Semua kasus tsunami adalah yang dipicu oleh gempa tektonik besar dengan magnitudo > 7,5, di mana epicentral distance ditentukan oleh 3000 km (far-field tsunami observations). Hasil-hasil penelitian ini berupa persamaan empiris relasi antara dan untuk kasus tsunami lintas Samudera Pasifik, sedangkan untuk kasus tsunami Indonesia, . Perbedaan persamaan empiris untuk kasus trans-Pasifik dan tsunami Indonesia karena perbedaan batimetri dan topografi antara Samudera Pasifik dan Samudera Hindia selain faktor tsunami directivity dan keterbatasan instrumen pemantau tsunami untuk kawasan Samudera Hindia. Untuk seluruh kasus, penyimpangan estimasi terhadap adalah . Berdasarkan kedua persamaan empiris tersebut, magnitudo tsunami merupakan fungsi logaritmik amplitudo maksimum tsunami sesuai dengan temuan terdahulu. Hasil-hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman tentang karakteristik gelombang tsunami di Indonesia dalam konteks upaya mitigasi bencana. Kata Kunci: magnitudo tsunami, amplitudo maksimum tsunami, magnitudo momen gempa Abstract Tectonic earthquake and tsunami are geological disasters that are linked, where the earthquake can possibly induce a tsunami. Efforts in mitigation study are necessary to carry out by studying the relationship of earthquake and tsunami parameters. Earthquake parameter was examined using scale, independent of observational distance from the source. Tsunami parameter was evaluated by tsunami magnitude and associated tsunami maximum amplitude η. This study focused on the relationship of and η in the open ocean and compared estimates with the corresponding values referenced. The data included trans-oceanic tsunamis containing 18 trans-Pacific tsunamis and 7 Indonesian cases, accessed from http://ngdc.noaa.gov and https://nctr.pmel.noaa.gov/database_devel.html. The tsunamis discussed were generated by large earthquakes with , where the distance was limited to 3000 km (far-field observations). The results are given in empirical relationships of and η for the trans-Pacific, and for the Indonesian tsunamis, . The difference in the equations is owing to differences in complex topography and bathymetri between the Pacific and Indian Oceans as well as tsunami directivity and limited monitoring instrument in the Indian Ocean tsunami case. For all cases, the estimates deviated from the reference values, measured to be . Based on the equations, tsunami magnitude is a function of the logarithmic scale of maximum tsunami amplitude , consistent with previous work. The results are expected to increase understanding of the characteristics of Indonesian tsunamis in the context of hazard mitigation study. Keywords: tsunami magnitude, tsunami maximum amplitude, earthquake moment magnitude
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