Há uma percepção generalizada no brasil de que funcionários públicos corruptos não são punidos. Não obstante, até o momento, não há evidências empíricas que apóiem essa afirmação e muitos argumentam que se trata de uma percepção equivocada decorrente do aumento de medidas anticorrupção. Uma das principais razões para essa notável ausência é a grande dificuldade de se identificar casos comprovados de corrupção para, então, se averiguar se eles foram ou não punidos pelo sistema judicial. Este artigo usa o sistema brasileiro de responsabilidade tríplice como um experimento natural para medir o desempenho do sistema judicial contra corrupção. Nossos resultados mostram que o sistema judicial brasileiro é altamente ineficaz no combate à corrupção, sendo a probabilidade de ser punido menor do que 5%.
This Article explores the economic nature of law and courts as an explanation for the world’s endemic court congestion problem. The economic theory of goods and services is used to demonstrate that law has a dual nature—coercion and compliance—and that law as coercion is actually a club good that requires a complementary good to be useful, courts. But because courts are private goods in nature, the bundled product will behave as a private good. However, the unrestricted implementation of access-to-justice policies with the objective of increasing the people’s access to courts will transform the bundled product into a common pool resource. The counterintuitive result of this transformation is that granting unrestricted access to justice might actually prevent people from accessing their rights—the tragedy of the judiciary. Two policy implications are explored: The importance of legal certainty for the tragedy mitigation, and the potentially adverse selection problem resulting from court congestion.
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