The data mining technique of time series clustering is well established in many fields. However, as an unsupervised learning method, it requires making choices that are nontrivially influenced by the nature of the data involved. The aim of this paper is to verify usefulness of the time series clustering method for macroeconomics research, and to develop the most suitable methodology.By extensively testing various possibilities, we arrive at a choice of a dissimilarity measure (compression-based dissimilarity measure, or CDM) which is particularly suitable for clustering macroeconomic variables. We check that the results are stable in time and reflect large-scale phenomena such as crises. We also successfully apply our findings to analysis of national economies, specifically to identifying their structural relations.JEL: E00, C18, C63
Spis treściNataliya Tyuleneva, Anastasia Lisnyak: Social and economic development of regions based on cluster programs: European and Russian experience . Monika Zadrożniak: Wyrównywanie szans edukacyjnych w ramach polityki spójności jako kierunek poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich w Polsce .
Streszczenie: Celem artykułu jest ocena prawdziwości założeń przyświecających utworzeniu specjalnych stref ekonomicznych w Polsce. Okazuje się, że założenia te, przyjęte a priori w znacznej liczbie artykułów i analiz dotyczących efektów działania stref, nie zostały pozytywnie zweryfikowane. W artykule analizowane są następujące stwierdzenia: bez stref inwestycje w danym miejscu nie miałyby miejsca; przedsiębiorstwa działające w strefach nie stanowią konkurencji dla firm spoza stref oraz skuteczność alternatywnych metod walki z bezrobociem jest niższa. Weryfikacja tych założeń prowadzi do wniosku, iż głównym efektem istnienia stref jest spadek dochodów budżetowych. Na dodatek badania i przykłady wskazują, iż administracja publiczna występuje w roli podrzędnej w relacjach z inwestorami.
One thing missing from most studies on the effects of targeted benefits of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) is a consideration of the indirect and unintended economic effects of these policies. The contribution of this paper is a clarification of this point providing a better identification of opportunity costs of the targeted benefits in SEZs. The author challenges the four most important and interdependent assumptions about the effectiveness of: fiscal incentives, localization, job creation and the negligible distortion of competition. Based on the literature review and data from the Polish SEZs, the author concludes that job creation in the domestic economy due to establishing SEZs is much smaller if the estimates include the negative effects of lower public spending on labour policy caused by fiscal incentives in SEZs, as well as additional unemployment created by distorted competition and the misallocation of resources. Confidence in the evaluation results of SEZs could be increased by efforts to improve the match between the treatment and control data, including the geography and timing of the zone interventions.
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