Chronic respiratory diseases are determined by genetic predisposition, and environmental and socioeconomic variables. One genetic factor underlying susceptibility to such diseases can be the ABO blood group system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that there would be a relationship between the blood group and risk of developing asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We reviewed medical history files of patients with the diagnosis of COPD or asthma, including those suffering from a cancerous disease accompanied by asthma or COPD, hospitalized from January 2016 to July 2017. The study involved 248 adult patients (85 women and 163 men; median age 65, range 20-95 years) with COPD (177; 71.4%) and asthma (71; 28.6%) with a known blood type. We found that the most frequent was blood type A (97; 39.1%) and the least blood type AB (26; 8.0%). The distribution of individual blood types in asthma was not different from that in COPD patients. Significant differences were found between the distribution of O and pooled non-O blood types (A, B, and AB); the pooled category was more frequent in both asthma and COPD patients. We conclude that the blood type is not a prognostic differentiating between the occurrence of asthma or COPD, although both are less common in people with blood type O. Further investigation is required to set the predisposing role of the ABO antigens for chronic respiratory diseases.

Background. Burnout syndrome is closely related to career-related issues. Objectives. the purpose of this study was to determine work-related behaviors presented by physicians, nurses and paramedics with regard to their sociodemographic data and social competence. Material and methods. the study was conducted in 2015-2016 and involved 432 medical workers, including 144 (33.5%) physicians, 165 (37.7%) nurses and 123 (28.8%) paramedics. the median age was 28 years (range: 20-66). the research instruments were: the Work-related Behavior and experience pattern (aVeM) questionnaire, the social competence Questionnaire (scQ) by anna Matczak and a self-developed questionnaire. Results. symptoms of burnout syndrome (type B) were observed in one-fourth of medical workers. 31.8% (135) of all participants presented type G. the behavior types prevailing in particular groups were as follows: paramedics -type G and type s; physicians -risk type a and type B, nurses -type B and type G. 62.4% (189) of the participants had an average level of general competence (4-7 sten), and 15.8% (48) had a low level of general competence (1-3 sten). the general competence level correlated with type G (r = 0.17; p = 0.05). Conclusions. Burnout syndrome (type B) occurs in physicians, nurses and paramedics regardless of their place of work and is related to a low level of social competence. a high level of social competence protects physicians, nurses and paramedics against job burnout.

I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l o f P s y c h o t h e r a p y P r a c t i c e a n d R e s e a r c h ISSN NO: 2576-612X Abstract:The functioning of medical professionals in their work environment is determined by many factors, among them social competence.The aim of this study was to analyze how social competence is related to behaviors and experiences in the context of burnout syndrome, experienced by physicians, nurses, and paramedics in Poland with regard to sociodemographic factors. Methods.The study was conducted in 2015-2016. It involved 432 medical workers, including 29.7% physicians, 36.96% nurses, and 33.3% paramedics. The median age was 38.00. Over half (38.9%) of those surveyed were employed in hospitals, 6.9% in primary care centers, 18.3% in emergency ambulance service. The Social Competence Questionnaire (SCQ), the Work-Related Behaviour and Experience Patterns -AVEM questionnaire, and a self-developed questionnaire were applied.Results. Symptoms of burnout syndrome (Type B and A) were observed in one-fourth of medical workers. 31.8% of all participants presented Type G (p < 0.0001). Behavior types prevailing in particular groups were as follows: paramedics -Type G and Type S; physicians -Type A and Type B, and nurses -Type B and Type G. The general competence level correlated with Type G (p = 0.05), and I competence correlated negatively with Type B (p = 0.02). Conclusions:The problem of burnout syndrome, diagnosed on the basis of work-related behaviors and experiences, is weighty and requires implementation of holistic therapeutic and prophylactic solutions addressed to healthcare professionals. Competence in intimate and social exposure situations, as well as competence in situations requiring assertiveness significantly protect medical workers against burnout syndrome.

Background. insomnia is described as an insufficient amount or quality of sleep that lasts for at least a month. sleeplessness in the group of professional drivers may lead to accidents and other road incidences. factors influencing the work of drivers include their work time -the amount of time they spend driving their vehicle. Objectives. the aim of the study was to estimate the frequency of the occurrence of insomnia among professional drivers, taking into consideration daytime sleepiness, socio-demographic variables and hourly work organization. Material and methods. study was conducted on 94 professional drivers from the zachodniopomorskie region: 25 (26.60%) paramedics, 24 (25.53%) police officers, 23 (24.47%) fire fighter drivers and 23 (24.47%) truck drivers. a questionnaire was used with the following components: athens insomnia scale (ais), epworth sleepiness scale (ess) and an original questionnaire containing questions regarding socio-demographic data and health behaviors. Results. insomnia was diagnosed in 12 professional drivers (12.77%). among them the majority were truck drivers -4 respondents (4.26%). a relationship between the age of respondents and occurrence of insomnia measured with the ais scale was found. a relationship between insomnia and drivers posing a threat to road traffic was also found (χ 2 = 19.95; p = 0.005). people suffering from moderate daytime sleepiness are 35 years old on average. Conclusions. drivers older than 35 and those with BMi above 28 are groups with the highest risk of suffering from insomnia. drivers with insomnia more frequently pose a threat to road traffic. drinking coffee has no impact on insomnia and daytime sleepiness. Key words: insomnia, drivers, epworth sleepiness scale, athens insomnia scale. Summary ISSN 1734-3402, eISSN 2449-8580this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution-noncommercial-sharealike 4.0 international (cc By-nc-sa 4.0). license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). Wolińska W, tatol p, zdziarski k, karpeta-pawlak ie, Mroczek B. occurrence of insomnia and daytime somnolence among professional drivers.

Introduction:The society has insufficient knowledge about bone marrow, which results in the fear of registration in the database of potential bone marrow donors. Better education in the field of bone marrow can help to attract more donors and create better prospects for patients who require transplant. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of high school students on bone marrow and its transplantation, and to determine the effectiveness of educational workshops to increase knowledge among high school students. Materials and methods:The study was conducted in the city of Szczecin, among students of randomly selected secondary schools. The study involved 402 students -273 females (67.91%) and 129 males (32.09%). A diagnostic questionnaire-based survey was carried out. A specially designed original 23-question survey was used, and it included questions about bone marrow and other issues. Under the project educational workshops were also organized in order to compare the level of knowledge before and after the workshop. The results were statistically analyzed in PQStat. Results: Respondents gave the most accurate answers to questions related to the definition and function of bone marrow, which could be linked with information acquired during biology lessons. The correct answer to the question concerning the anonymity and free of charge intervention of bone marrow transplantation was provided by 302 (75.50%) respondents. However, respondents did not know particulars about the procedure for collecting stem cells. Conclusions:The study demonstrated that secondary school students know very little about bone marrow and its transplant. Secondary schools can provide basic knowledge about bone marrow during biology lessons. Students do not have knowledge about the procedure in which bone marrow is collected because of the lack of access to this information and the fact that this issue is not covered by the secondary school curriculum. Keywords: bone morrow; knowledge; education. ABSTRAKT Wstęp: Wiedza na temat szpiku kostnego wśród społeczeństwa nie jest wystarczająco pogłębiona, co skutkuje obawą przed rejestracją w bazach potencjalnych dawców szpiku. Edukacja na ten temat może zarówno pozwolić na pozyskanie większej liczby dawców, jak i zapewnić lepszą perspektywę dla chorych potrzebujących szpiku kostnego. Celem pracy było poznanie poziomu wiedzy młodzieży licealnej na temat szpiku kostnego oraz jego transplantacji, a także określenie skuteczności warsztatów edukacyjnych w podnoszeniu wiedzy licealistów. Materiały i metody: Badanie przeprowadzono na terenie Szczecina wśród uczniów losowo wybranych szkół ponadgimnazjalnych. W badaniach uczestniczyło 406 uczniów -273 kobiety (67,91%) i 129 mężczyzn (32,09%). Wybraną metodą był sondaż diagnostyczny przeprowadzony za pomocą ankiety. Zastosowano autorski kwestionariusz ankiety, który składał się z 23 pytań. Ankieta zawierała m.in. pytania dotyczące wiedzy na temat szpiku kostnego. W związku z badaniami przeprowadzono rów-nież warsztaty edukacyjne...