Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused an increase in the demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and disruptions in production chains, resulting in an acute shortage of PPE. A possible solution to this problem was additive manufacturing (AM) technology -allowing for a quick start of the production of PPE and potentially able to meet the demand until the production is restored. In addition, AM allows for the production of PPE prototypes with potentially greater comfort of use or degree of protection. In order to assess the production of PPE in AM during the COVID-19 pandemic, previously published articles in this field were analyzed. After analyzing abstracts and full texts, 30 original works were selected from the initially collected 487 articles. Based on the analyzed literature, it was found that there are not enough studies comparing traditional and AM PPE as well as not enough comparisons of the different types of AM PPE with each other. In many cases, researchers focused only on the subjective assessment of the comfort of using PPE, without assessing their effectiveness in preventing infections. Despite that, AM has a great potential to quickly produce lacking PPE. Respirators and shields made by AM were rated by the vast majority of users as comfortable to wear. Some of the respirators could be adapted to a specific user, by designing on the basis of a face scan or after warming up the finished print and modeling the shape.

Introduction Diagnosing prostate cancer is a complex process. Although PSA testing remains the basic laboratory study, new biomarkers and test are evolving quickly. Aim The aim of this review was to summarize available tests and markers for diagnosing prostate cancer. Materials and methods Literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cohrane databases. Results and conclusions Detailed description of ExoDx, PCA3, SelectMDx, Mi-prostate Score, SChLAP1, PSA, PHI, 4K Score tests was presented. Available test ease qualification for a prostate biopsy or observation. Patients should be qualified individually in deciding on  a specific test to be performed. Urologists should be aware of each test mechanism and limitations.

Introduction Penile fracture is a rupture of the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum caused by an erect penis injury. It is noticed that hematomas always accompany penile fractures. We present a rare case of penile fracture between corpus cavernosus and urethra without hematoma formation. Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department due to a continuous flow of blood from his urethra, which started an hour earlier due to a penile injury during vigorous sexual intercourse. There was no audible 'snap' sound, but the incident was followed by severe pain and immediate loss of tumescence. His bleeding continued until surgery. No hematoma was observed – Figure 1. A urethrography was performed, and afterward, an experienced urologist inserted a catheter without encountering any resistance. The patient was diagnosed with rupturing the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum and the urethra. No hematoma was found, and primary revision was performed. Urethra and tunica albuginea was sutured. After four weeks catheter was removed. The patient recovered with good uroflowmetry results and did not report erectile dysfunction. Conclusions Rapture of tunica albuginea to the urethra may cause severe bleeding without formation of the hematoma and "eggplant deformity." Therefore, early intervention is crucial to sustain erectile function and avoid urethral stricture.