Percutaneous vascular access can be used temporarily (temporary central venous catheters) or permanently (tunneled central venous catheters) [1]. Although percutaneous vascular access is considered inferior to native vascular access due to its shorter half-life and its more frequent complications, the use of percutaneous accesses has increased signifi cantly in recent years. This is due to the fact that the renal patient has more cardiovascular complications, more morbidities and more advanced age, in addition to the waiting time until the AVF maturation which in some patients needs more time due to associated comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, peripheral arteriopathy, smoking, obesity, advanced age and suboptimal vascular anatomy; even reaching the primary failure of the native access created. In addition to this the easy access to its placement and the immediacy of its use for hemodialysis, has allowed the abuse of its use as vascular access [2,3]. According to the published results of some studies, the use of central venous catheters has increased in many countries, with the percentage of patients dialyzing through tunneled catheters as high as 27.7% in Sweden, 35% in Belgium and 49.1% in Canada [3,4]. The ideal site for the placement of permanent catheters is the right jugular vein, but in some cases it is impossible to

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