perform a systematic review, making reference to the scientific literature on female patients with estrogen fluctuations which individuals influence the occurrence, intensity, expression of different disorders of mood or anxiety (transdiagnostic). SourcesSearches were carried out in the ISI Web of Science and PubMed databases, utilizing the terms "estrogen", "anxiety disorder" and "mood disorder". The search was performed in May and June of 2015, with a temporal restriction of 10 years in both databases. Articles that were reviews or repeated were excluded, as were studies that were not available in English. Study SelectionA total of 1060 references were found, 673 on PubMed and 387 on ISI Web of Science, among which 11 were duplicates and 52 were in languages other than English. Of the remaining 997 references, 118 were excluded by prior review, 114 for having incoherent abstracts, 727 by title and 20 by eligibility, leaving a total of 16 articles to compose this review. The eligibility criteria were the hormone physiological relation with the prevalence of the anxiety and mood disorders. AbstractObjective: To evaluate, through systematic review, whether the role of estrogen influences the onset of disorders in anxiety and depression. Data Sources: The search was performed in two databases, ISI Web of Science and PubMed, using the terms estrogen, anxiety and mood. Study selection:The search produced 1060 references. Those that were repeated or not written in English were excluded. After analysis of the abstracts, 38 were selected to have their texts read, of which 18 were chosen for the execution of this review. Data collection:The PubMed and ISI Web of Science articles were extracted in June 2015. Moreover, the study was also restricted to articles that involved adult patients and were elaborated between 2005 and 2015.Results: There were six case-control observational studies, followed by four randomized clinical trials. The results in smaller quantities in the review were: three retrospective cohort observational studies and three cross-sectional studies, followed by one prospective cohort observational study. A letter to an editor was also included. The result that stood out in the review was the finding that women are twice as likely to suffer from disturbances of anxiety or mood, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder. Conclusion:Some women there is a greater vulnerability to hormonal oscillations of estrogen (in pre-menstrual and postpartum periods and in the pre-menopause) leading to the aforementioned disorders.