The study concentrates on the comparison of hedge fund efficiency measured by maximum drawdown measures with traditional risk/return ratios. The examined period is from 1990 to 2011 and the data were provided by Hedge Fund Research. It is a continuation of the research done for a shorter period, that is for the years 2005 -2011. The results obtained there were interesting and showed that the results of complex efficiency measures aren't much different from traditional measures. It posed the question of whether it is worth applying them with their entire complexity. The author wants to check if the same conclusions will be drawn for a longer period. After having analyzed maximum drawdown measures, further research will be devoted to other groups of measures. It should give the answer to the question of whether complex efficiency measures are as useful as it is often stressed in the hedge fund literature.

The paper presents research on hedge funds efficiency with such measuresas Calmar ratio, Sterling ratio and Burke ratio carried out using the data fromHedge Fund Research database for 2005–2011. The aim of the study is to answerthe question whether alternative efficiency measurs are really more adequate for assessing the efficiency of hedge fund investments. So far, the answer to thisquestion is surprisingly negative.

The author checks the cointegration between WTI oil market and the US market of stocks represented by the S&P index. As it turns out not to exist, short-term relations are investigated. The study confirms that crude oil market significantly influences the stock market in the short run, however it does not give an unambigous answer if this impact is made by oil itself or together with the GBP/USD currency rate. Furthermore, the relation does not go in another direction which means that the stock market has no impact on the oil market. The Unrestricted Vector Autoregression model is built. The author uses weekly data and the research period is from April 1990 to May 2021. The study implies that stable crude oil prices are desirable in order not to destabilize stock markets whose instability threatens the real economy. Conclusions are vital for a wide group of entities such as policy makers, authorities, institutional and individual investors, as well as other financial market participants.

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