Objective: Uncover knowledge and attitudes of girls, mothers, teachers and health professionals about human papillomavirus and vaccination. Method: A qualitative study carried out by means of focus groups in public elementary schools and health units of Sanitary District IV from Recife-PE, Brazil, between June and July 2015. The sample was six schoolchildren, ten adolescents, nine mothers, ten teachers, thirteen health professionals and seven community health agents. Speeches were analyzed with the technique of Discourse of Collective Subject (DSC), using the Qualiquantisoft, version 1.3c software. Results: Four categories emerged from the DSC: controversial understanding of HPV; transmissibility of HPV virus; adequate knowledge about the vaccine; and education in health. Final considerations: Different levels of knowledge -doubts and misconceptions -about the subject were unveiled. However, attitudes were favorable to adhesion to immunization. Realities that need to be problematized in the educational practice of nurses. resumen Objetivo: Desvelar conocimientos y actitudes de niñas, madres, profesores y profesionales de la salud sobre el virus del papiloma humano y la vacunación. Método: Estudio cualitativo, realizado con grupos focales, en escuelas públicas primarias y centros de salud del Distrito de Salud IV de Recife, PE, entre junio y julio de 2015. La muestra fue de seis escolares, diez adolescentes, nueve madres, diez profesores, 13 profesionales de salud y siete agentes de salud comunitarios. Los informes fueron analizados por la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo (DSC), utilizando la versión 1.3c del software Qualiquantisoft.Resultados: Emergieron cuatro categorías: la comprensión controversia del VPH; transmisibilidad; conocimiento adecuado sobre la vacuna; educación para la salud. Conclusión: Diferentes niveles de conocimiento sobre el tema -dudas y conceptos erróneos -fueron desvelados. Sin embargo, las actitudes fueron favorables a la adhesión a la inmunización. Realidades que necesitan ser problematizadas en la práctica educativa del enfermero.
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