Kima (giant clams) are molluscs that inhabit the ocean floor on the reef and sand substrate. There are 7 species found in the waters of Indonesia namely Tridacna maxima, T. squamosa, T. gigas, T crocea, T derasa, Hippoppus hippoppus and H. porcelanus. Kima are included among the protected biota, both nationally and internationally. This research was conducted on the waters of Morella Village, Leihitu Region, Central Mollucas Regency. The study sites are divided into two stations: Station 1 is the waters of Mahiwa Bay and Station 2 is the waters of Tihlepuai Bay. Station 2 is a Kima farm established in December 2016 by the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Samples were collected by using the belt transect method. The results obtained are as follows. In Station 1, the 2 species found are T. maxima and T. squamosa, while the 4 species found in Station 2 are T. maxima, T. squamosa, T crocea and H. hippoppus. The highest value, abundance, density, and frequency of occurrence were represented by T. squamosa. The diversity and homogeneity indexes in the waters of Morella village were in the high and medium levels, respectively. The result of this research will add data contribution in determining strategies for kima conservation in Mollucas.

The local knowledge system puts the cultural capacity, knowledge system, religious value, tradition, and social capital as important in managing natural resources. The local community of Ilili Village has used the local wisdom, locally called sasi and siritaun in coastal resources management. The coastal natural resources managed through this local wisdom are sea cucumber, top shell, green turban, and fish. The objective of this study was to identify factors that affect the status of local wisdom implemented in the effectiveness of fish resource sustainability. The study was conducted from April to June 2022, and a purposive sampling method was used for respondent selection. FGD and interviews were used to collect the data. The Rapid appraisal of fisheries (Rapfish) was used to assess the local wisdom status, and the DPSIR conceptual model framework was used to propose the strategy for sustainable management of sasi and siritaun (local wisdom). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to propose a priority strategy from a multicriteria strategy objective. The study shows that the local wisdom was generally fair sustained with ecology sustained while institutional was less sustained. There were seven strategies proposed for sustainable management at the first level criteria and three additional strategies at the second level. The combined strategy proposed following its ranking were the implementation of local wisdom, the establishment of village regulation, and the increase in the local community income.

The purpose of this research is to determine the bacteria that have the potential to degrade pertroleum in the waters of Ambon Bay. The research was conducted in July-September 2020 in the waters of Ambon Bay, precisely in two locations, namely PT. Perikanan Nusantara Ambon Branch Port in Galala (station 1) and Perikanan Nusantara Ambon Port in Tantui (station 2). The research method used was purposive sampling method on seawater sampling, laboratory-scale experimental method for the isolation of oil-decomposing bacteria, and morphological characterization observations using Stone Mineral Salt Solution Extract Yeast (SMSSe) media. The identification of bacteria uses macroscopic observation to observe the characteristics of the bacterial colony, while microscopic observation is used to observe the shape of the cell and the properties of the bacteria. Environmental parameters at the two stations include temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and brightness categorized as normal for bacterial growth. The results of bacterial isolation is that 7 isolates were obtained, consisting of 5 isolates found at station 1 and 2 isolates found at station 2. The highest total number of bacteria is 123.10-5 CFU/ml, while the lowest is 47.10-5 CFU/ml. In general, the characteristics of diesel oil-degrading bacterial isolates have circular and irregular colony forms, entire and lobate colony edges, raised and convex colony elevations, milky white, yellow, and cream colony colors, and bacilli and coccus cell shapes. Based on the results of gram isolate staining, there were 5gram negative bacterial isolates and 2gram positive bacterial isolates.

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The Holothurian is one of the echinoderms which has well known as the sea cucumber. The coastal communities in Maluku often harvest the sea cucumber for their livelihoods both for consumed and sold them. Recently, the number of sea cucumber has been decreased due to anthropogenic and environmental degradation. Therefore, the data of bio-ecology of the resources are needed to manage the resources for its sustainability. The objective of the study was to analyze the biodiversity of holothurians. Data were collected by purposive random sampling. The research was carried out from October 2017 to October 2018. The results showed that there were five species of holothurians found during this study. The abundance of holothurians ranged from 18 to 173 individuals which the highest abundance was found in March 2018 whereas the lowest abundance was found in November 2017. The diversity of species differed each month. The study indicated that there were temporal changes in diversity. The diversity index (H’) ranged from 0.733-1.346, meaning low species diversity. The evenness index showed that the abundance of each species had almost similar. So, that there were no predominance species. Nevertheless, three species have a high number or tend to be dominant later namely Bohadschia similis, Holothuria scabra and H. atra.